盤點(diǎn)春節(jié)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗
The first day of Chinese New Year officially begins at midnight. It is traditional to light firecrackers and make as much of a din as possible to chase off the evil monster nian. Most importantly the oldest and most senior members are visited with the visits strengthening family kinship. Senior members of the family hand out red envelopes containing cash (Chinese: ya sui qian), a form of blessing and to suppress aging and the challenges of the coming year, to junior members of the family, mostly children and teenagers.
大年初一，金雞報(bào)曉，年初一正式來說應(yīng)該從大年三十晚零點(diǎn)開始，放鞭炮當(dāng)然是必不可少的傳統(tǒng)，鞭炮聲要夠響才能驅(qū)趕年獸。年初一最重要的是給家中的長輩拜年，然后長輩會(huì)給家人、小輩壓歲錢，以紅包的形式表示祝福，希望能壓住歲月的腳步以及來年的挑戰(zhàn)。
On the second day, married daughters usually go back to their own family to visit parents, relatives and close friends. Traditionally, married daughters didn’t have the opportunity to visit their birth families frequently.
大年初二，金犬報(bào)春，嫁出去的女兒要回娘家給自己的父母和親朋好友拜年，而在以前傳統(tǒng)中，嫁出去的女兒很少有機(jī)會(huì)回娘家。
On the third day, an old saying goes: "A fat pig at the door", traditionally, the third day is known as "Chigou’s Day". Chigou literally means "red dog", an epithet of "the God of Blazing Wrath", and it is considered an unlucky day to have guests or go visiting. Folklore says the 3rd day is also "rat marriage day" (Chinese: lao shu qu qin), so people often go to bed earlier to give rats time for their wedding.
正月初三，肥豬拱門，也稱為“赤狗日”，“赤狗”的字面意思是紅色的'狗，傳說中的赤狗是“暴怒之神”，出門做客或有客上門都認(rèn)為是不吉利的。民間亦傳說初三是“老鼠娶親日”，所以人們一般早早熄燈睡覺以免擾亂了老鼠們的婚禮。
The old saying "three rams bring bliss" is connected with the fourth day, which says that by making a good beginning a happy end comes. According to folklore, it is also the day to welcome back the Kitchen God. On this day, the Kitchen God would check the household and therefore people should not leave home.
俗語三陽開泰就和正月初四有關(guān)了，好的開始意味著有一個(gè)幸福的結(jié)局，根據(jù)民間說法，初四也是迎灶神的日子，在這一天灶神會(huì)回來檢查每戶家庭，所以人們?cè)摯诩抑小?/p>
The fifth day is also called the "day of cow". According to Chinese folklore, the first seven days of the 1st lunar month are respectively called "day of chicken", "day of dog", "day of pig", "day of sheep", "day of cow", "day of horse" and "day of man". When creating all living beings on earth, Nu Wa, a goddess in Chinese mythology, created the six creatures before human beings. The fifth day is also the God of Fortune’s birthday and people will celebrate this day with a large banquet. This day is also commonly known as the Festival of Po Wu, literally breaking five. According to custom, it is believed that many New Year taboos can be broken on this day.
正月初五，艮牛耕春，也被稱為“牛日”，據(jù)民間說法，正月前七天分別被叫做雞日、狗日、豬日、羊日、牛日、馬日和人日，在中國神話中，女神女媧在創(chuàng)造世上眾生時(shí)，先造了前六種生物后造人。初五也是財(cái)神的生日，人們會(huì)在這天好好擺一桌酒菜，這天也被俗稱“破五節(jié)”，也就是破五的意思，根據(jù)習(xí)俗，在這一天很多新年禁忌可以被打破。
On the sixth day, people make wishes for "ma dao cheng gong", win success immediately upon arrival. According to tradition, families usually send away the Ghost of Poverty on this day. To send away him, Chinese people will usually throw away their ragged clothes, rubbish and other dirty things. By doing this Chinese people wish to send away poverty and welcome the beautiful days and good luck in the New Year.
正月初六，馬到成功，根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)，人們通常在這一天送走窮鬼，為趕走它，人們通常會(huì)將破舊衣服、垃圾和其他臟東西丟棄，希望這樣做能送走窮困迎來新一年的美日子及好運(yùn)。
The seventh day is commonly referred as the "day of man", and in most parts of China people will eat noodles as they symbolize longevity in Chinese culture.
正月初七，人壽年豐，通常被稱為“人日”，在中國很多地區(qū)，人們?cè)谶@一天會(huì)吃象征著長壽的面條。
The eighth day is believed to be the birthday of millet, an important crop in ancient China. According to folk proverbs, if this day is bright and clear the year will be a harvest year; however, if this day is cloudy or even rainy, the year will suffer from poor harvest. Meanwhile, people also set free captive animals on this day, with a blessing for all living beings to flourish in the New Year.
正月初八，放生祈福，初八被認(rèn)為是小米的生日，小米是中國古代一種重要的農(nóng)作物。根據(jù)民間俗諺，如果初八天氣清明，今年必是豐收年，但如果這一天多云或是陰天，今年將歉收。在這一天，人們也會(huì)放生動(dòng)物，希望眾生在新年蓬勃生長。
The ninth day is the birthday of the Jade Emperor. There will be grand ceremonies in Taoist temples on this day, and ordinary families also offer sacrifices to the Jade Emperor.
正月初九，玉皇天誕，這一天在道觀會(huì)有大典，普通家庭也會(huì)祭祀玉皇大帝。
The 10th day is believed to be the birthday of the God of Stone which played a very important role in the agricultural society of ancient China. On this day, people are forbidden to move any stone, including stone rollers, stone mills and herb grinders, and should not cut into a mountain for rock or build a house with rocks, otherwise bad things will happen to the crops.
正月初十，祭石感恩，被認(rèn)為是石神的生日，在古代中國的農(nóng)耕社會(huì)，石神是一位非常重要的神仙。在這一天，人們不能搬動(dòng)任何石頭，包括石輥、石磨和草本磨床，不應(yīng)開山劈石或是用石頭造房子，否則作物生長會(huì)不利。
People make offerings to Zi Gu, the guardian angel for weak women, on the 11th day. This day is also for Yuefu (fathers-in-law) to entertain Nuxu (sons-in-law). In many areas, after this day, people will start preparing for the upcoming Lantern Festival which is on the 15th day of the 1st month.
正月十一，祭奉紫姑，紫姑是弱勢(shì)女性的守護(hù)神，這天也是岳父招待女婿的日子，很不少地方，這天過后人們便開始為正月十五元宵節(jié)做準(zhǔn)備。
Families buy lanterns and build a lantern shack on the 12th day.
正月十二，挑買燈籠、搭建燈棚。
On the 13th day, preparations for Lantern Festival continue.
正月十三，繼續(xù)為元宵節(jié)忙碌置辦。
The 14th day is the birthday of the Goddess of Linshui, who is believed to protect women from dying in childbirth. People make offerings to the goddess on this day.
正月十四，娘娘誕辰，鄰水女神是難產(chǎn)而死女性的保護(hù)神，在這一天，人們祭拜這位女神。
The 15th day of the 1st lunar month is commonly celebrated as Yuan Xiao Jie, or Lantern Festival. The festivities of the Chinese New Year reach a climax on this day. Since early morning, dragon and lion dancers parade on streets crowded with people. In the evening families go out together to enjoy the full moon and appreciate colorful lanterns and also solve lantern riddles. Chinese people also eat yuan xiao, a traditional food made of glutinous rice flour which symbolizes family togetherness and reunion.
正月十五，也叫元宵節(jié)，張燈結(jié)彩，中國農(nóng)歷新年在這一天達(dá)到高潮。大清早街道上就有舞龍舞獅表演，到了晚上一家人一起出去賞月、賞燈、猜燈謎。在這一天，人們要吃一種用糯米粉做成的傳統(tǒng)小食元宵，象征家庭和睦、團(tuán)團(tuán)圓圓。
This day officially marks the end of Chinese New Year celebrations.
這一天也就正式標(biāo)志著中國傳統(tǒng)新年慶�；顒�(dòng)的結(jié)束。
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