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2016年中考英語(yǔ)常用的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞形態(tài)記憶法
在英語(yǔ)詞匯中，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的記憶是比較困難的，雖然學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)是要記要背，但死記硬背終歸不是最佳途徑，下面YJBYS小編為大家搜索整理了關(guān)于中考英語(yǔ)常用的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞形態(tài)記憶法，歡迎閱讀學(xué)習(xí)，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助!想了解更多相關(guān)信息請(qǐng)持續(xù)關(guān)注我們應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生培訓(xùn)網(wǎng)!
★記憶法一：常見(jiàn)93個(gè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)律歸納如下：
一、A—A—A型，即原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞三者都相同。(共9個(gè))
cost—cost—cost
cut—cut—cut
hit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurt
let—let—let
put—put—put
read—read—read
set—set—set
shut—shut—shut
二、A—B—B型，即過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞相同。(共41個(gè))
1.過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都含有-ought。(3個(gè))
bring—brought—brought
buy—bought—bought
think—thought—thought
2.詞尾有-ild，-end時(shí)，只需把d變?yōu)閠。(4個(gè))
build—built—built
lend—lent—lent
send—sent—sent
spend—spent—spent
3.過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都含有-aught。(2個(gè))
catch—caught—caught
teach—taught—taught
4.把-eep變?yōu)?ept。(3個(gè))
keep—kept—kept
sleep—slept—slept
sweep—swept—swept
5.把-ell變?yōu)?old。(2個(gè))
tell—told—told
sell—sold—sold
6.過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都含有-elt或-ilt。(4個(gè))
smell—smelt—smelt
spell—spelt—spelt
feel—felt—felt
spill—spilt—spilt
7.過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。(3個(gè))
learn—learnt—learnt
mean—meant—meant
spoil—spoilt—spoilt
8.過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞詞尾是d。(4個(gè))
say—said—said
pay—paid—paid
lay—laid—laid
hear—heard—heard
9.改變?cè)糇帜浮?11個(gè))
meet—met—met
get—got—got
sit—sat—sat
find—found—found
hold—held—held
spit—spat—spat
shine—shone—shone
win—won—won
hang—hung—hung
dig—dug—dug
lose—lost—lost
10.改變輔音字母。(1個(gè))
make—made—made
11.改變?cè)�、輔音字母。(4個(gè))
leave—left—left
stand—stood—stood
have(has)—had—had
understand—understood—understood
三、A—B—C型，即原形、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都不相同。(共35個(gè))
1.i—a—u變化。(6個(gè))
begin—began—begun
drink—drank—drunk
sing—sang—sung
ring—rang—rung
swim—swam—swum
sink—sank—sunk
2.詞尾為-ow，-aw時(shí)，過(guò)去式將其變?yōu)?ew，過(guò)去分詞在其原形后加n。(5個(gè))
blow—blew—blown
draw—drew—drawn
grow—grew—grown
know—knew—known
throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3.詞尾為“i+輔(1個(gè))+e”，過(guò)去式將i變?yōu)閛，過(guò)去分詞多在原形后加n，若那個(gè)輔音字母為d或t，須雙寫(xiě)d或t后加n。(4個(gè))(give，hide除外)
drive—drove—driven
write—wrote—written
ride—rode—ridden
rise—rose—risen
4.過(guò)去分詞在過(guò)去式后加(e)n。(5個(gè))
break—broke—broken
choose—chose—chosen
freeze—froze—frozen
speak—spoke—spoken
wake—woke—woken
5.過(guò)去分詞由過(guò)去式加-ten構(gòu)成。(1個(gè))
forget—forgot—forgotten
6.過(guò)去分詞由原形加(e)n構(gòu)成。(6個(gè))
be—was(were)—been
eat—ate—eaten
fall—fell—fallen
give—gave—given
see—saw—seen
hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7.詞尾為-ake時(shí)，過(guò)去式將其變?yōu)?ook，過(guò)去分詞在原形詞后加-n。(2個(gè))
take—took—taken
mistake—mistook—mistaken
8.原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都不相同。(6個(gè))
do—did—done
fly—flew—flown
go—went—gone
lie—lay—lain
show—showed—shown
wear—wore—worn
四、A—A—B型，即過(guò)去式和原形相同。(1個(gè))
beat—beat—beaten
五、A—B—A型，即過(guò)去分詞和原形相同。(3個(gè))
come—came—come
become—became—become
run—ran—run
六、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞型，只有原形和過(guò)去式，沒(méi)有過(guò)去分詞。(4個(gè))
can—could
may—might
will—would
shall—should
★記憶法二：不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞相對(duì)于規(guī)則動(dòng)詞來(lái)說(shuō)，難記得多，是最難對(duì)付的一類(lèi)詞。學(xué)生難學(xué)，老師難教。幸好它們不是雜亂無(wú)章的，可根據(jù)其中的一些內(nèi)部規(guī)律來(lái)記憶。下面給大家介紹一種歸納記憶法，以期大家在攻克這一難關(guān)時(shí)，能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、原形、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞相同：
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut
(細(xì)心的你一定會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些詞中大多數(shù)是以字母t結(jié)尾的。)
二、原形、過(guò)去式相同，過(guò)去分詞不同：
beat/beat/beaten
三、原形、過(guò)去分詞相同，過(guò)去式不同：
come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/run
(come，become，屬不規(guī)則變化，但welcome屬規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞為：welcomed，welcomed)
四、過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞相同：
(1)去掉字母組合ee中的一個(gè)e
meet/met/metfeed/fed/fed
(2)去掉字母組合ee中的一個(gè)e,然后再在詞尾加t
feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/keptsweep/swept/swept
(3)詞尾為的ll去掉一個(gè)l加t
spell/spelt/speltsmell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt
(4)過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞以aught或ought結(jié)尾
catch/caught/caughtteach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought
buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought
(5)將stand改為stood
stand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood
(6)將ay改為aid
lay/laid/laidpay/paid/paidsay/said/said
(7)將d改為t
lend/lent/lentsend/sent/sent
spend/spent/spentbuild/built/built
(8)將i改為a,o,u等
sit/sat/satspit/spat/spat
dig/dug/dugwin/won/won
(9)將ell改為old
tell/told/toldsell/sold/sold
(10)詞尾加t
learn/learnt/learntmean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11)有兩種過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞,一種是不規(guī)則的,一種是規(guī)則的：
learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shoneshine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hunghang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smeltsmell/smelled/smelled
burn/burnt/burntburn/burned/burned
light/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted
(12)其它
have(has)/had/hadhear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shotlose/lost/lost
hold/held/heldget/got/got(AmEgotten)
find/found/foundmake/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同：
(1)過(guò)去式以ew結(jié)尾、過(guò)去分詞以own結(jié)尾
blow/blew/blownfly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grownknow/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn
(2)改i為a變成過(guò)去式、改i為u變成過(guò)去分詞
begin/began/begundrink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rungsing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swumsink/sank/sunk
(3)改i為o變成過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞以n結(jié)尾
drive/drove/drivenwrite/wrote/written
rise/rose/risenride/rode/ridden
(4)原形后加n變成過(guò)去分詞
drive/drove/drivenrise/rose/riseneat/ate/eaten
give/gave/givenfall/fell/fallen
(5)過(guò)去式后加n變成過(guò)去分詞
break/broke/brokenchoose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozenmistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolenspeak/spoke/spoken
take/took/takenwake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/beendo/did/doneforget/forgot/forgotten
go/went/gonehide/hid/hiddensee/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
六、有兩種過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞，但詞義相同。
wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken
七、動(dòng)詞因其過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞有兩種形式而產(chǎn)生不同詞義：
shine、hang的兩種過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞：
shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung懸掛hanged/hanged絞死
八、兩個(gè)既可以做過(guò)去式，又可以做動(dòng)詞原形的詞
lie躺臥lay/lain/lying(現(xiàn)在分詞)
lay放，下蛋l(fā)aid/laid/laying
find找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)find/found/found
found創(chuàng)建，成立found/founded/founded
九、根據(jù)動(dòng)詞之間的詞義聯(lián)系來(lái)記憶
(一)詞義相對(duì)：
(1)come/came/come來(lái)——go/went/gone去
(2)give/gave/given給——get/got/got(AmEgotten)獲得
(3)sleep/slept/slept睡覺(jué)—wake/woke/woken(或woke)
或wake/waked/waked醒來(lái)
(4)rise/rose/risen上升、上漲、升起——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉
(5)buy/bought/bought買(mǎi)——sell/sold/sold出售,賣(mài)
(6)take/took/taken帶去——bring/brought/brought帶來(lái)
(7)teach/taught/taught教——learn/learnt/learnt
或learn/learned/learned學(xué)習(xí)、學(xué)會(huì)
(8)lose/lost/lost丟失、失敗——find/found/found找到
win/won/won贏得、(獲)勝
(9)stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
(10)send/sent/sent送、寄、發(fā)送——get/got/got獲得、收到
(二)詞義相近：
(1)beat/beat/beaten打,打敗win/won/won贏得、獲勝
(2)understand/understood/understood懂,了解
know/knew/known知道,了解,認(rèn)識(shí)
(3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)變成、成為、變得
become/became/become變成,成為,變得
go/went/gone變成turn/turned/turned變成
(4)spend/spent/spent花費(fèi)、度過(guò)
pay/paid/paid支付、交納
cost/cost/cost花費(fèi)、價(jià)值為
take/took/taken花費(fèi)
(5)say/said/said說(shuō)、講
speak/spoke/spoken說(shuō)、演講
tell/told/told告訴、說(shuō)、吩咐、斷定
talk/talked/talked談話,講,談?wù)?議論
★記憶法三：
1.無(wú)變化，過(guò)去式與原形相同。
let→let,put→put,hit→hit,must→must,set→set,beat→beat,cast→cast,cost→cost,cut→cut,hurt→hurt,read→red,shut→shut
(shed→shedsplit→splitspread→spreadburst→burst)
2.元音字母的變化。
i→a:begin→began,drink→drank,ring→rang,sing→sang,swim→swam,give→gave,sit→sat,sink→sank
i→o:drive→drove,ride→rode,shine→shone,write→wrote,rise→rose,win→won,
(strive→strovearise→arose)
i→ou:find→found(wind→wound,bind→bound,grind→ground)
a→oo:take→took,shake→shook
e→o:get→got,forget→forgot
o→a:come→came,become→became
oo→o:shoot→shot,choose→chose
3.元音字母組合的變化。
aw/ow/y→ew:draw→drew,blow→blew,grow→grew,know→knew,throw→threw,fly→flew
4.元音字母和輔音字母都有變化。
(1)sell→sold,tell→told,retell→retold
(2)say→said,pay→paid,lay→laid,relay→relaid
(3)sweep→swept,keep→kept,sleep→slept,creep→crept
(4)bring→brought,buy→bought,think→thought,fight→fought
(5)catch→caught,teach→taught
(6)can→could,will→would,shall→should
5.輔音字母變化。
(1)build→built,send→sent,bend→bent,lend→lent,rend→rent,spend→spent
(2)make→made,have→had,hear→heard
(3)mean→meant,learn→learnt
記住以上內(nèi)容，英語(yǔ)不提升就怪了!一定要堅(jiān)持呀!
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