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2017年職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類A閱讀判斷專項練習(xí)題
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Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the Heart
According to scientists in the USA, stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the hearts of people with heart failure. Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.
They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged. They then compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the stem cells injected into them (they had also suffered from severe heart failure). The patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump (用泵抽運) more blood than the others.
According to Professor Robert Kormos, one of the researchers, these results could revolutionize heart treatment. Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a benefit, this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help the failing heart work better.
All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly. The scientists measured their ejection fraction (射血分數(shù)). It is a measure of heart performance; it measures how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle (心室).
Healthy people's ejection fraction is about 55%. These patients had ejection fraction of under 35%. They all had by-pass surgery (搭橋手術(shù)) performed on them. Some of the patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the damaged heart muscle. Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1% while those who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37.2%. No side effects were reposed.
Heart failure is a common problem all over the world. In the U.K. alone about 650,000 people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart failure increases in the world in general, these findings are particularly significant.
Current treatments relieve the symptoms. This new stem cell therapy actually repairs the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease.
1.The 20 patients had stem cell injections instead of surgery.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2.The experiment proved to be satisfactory.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3.The control group patients regretted not having had stem cell injections.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4.The study actually proved for the first time the benefit of stem cell therapy.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5.The ejection fraction rate of the patients with stem cell injections decreased.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6.Heart failure is more common in the U.K. than anywhere else in the world.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7.Stem cell therapy seems to have great prospects.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案及解析
1.B。題干：20個病人接受了細胞注射而不是手術(shù)。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞可以定位到文章第一段中第二句話和第五段中第三句話，表明這20個病人也接受手術(shù)治療，故答案為B。
2.A。題干：實驗結(jié)果令人滿意。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞可以定位到文章第二段，表明干細胞注射實驗效果很好。
3.c。題干：對照組的病人們后悔沒有進行細胞治療。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞進行定位，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章沒有提及對照組病人是否抱怨沒有接受干細胞注射。
4.A。題干：研究首次證明了細胞治療的好處。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞可以定位到文章第三段，表明該實驗首次證明了干細胞治療的好處。
5.B。題干：接受干細胞注射的病人射血分數(shù)率降低了。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞可以定位到文章第五段，表明接受干細胞注射的病人射血分數(shù)率增加了。
6.C。題干：心衰在英國要比世界其他任何地方更常見。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞進行定位，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章第六段只是通過英國的例子來說明，心衰是世界范圍的常見病，但并沒有提及心衰是否在英國要比世界其他任何地方更常見。
7.A。題干：細胞治療有很好的前景。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞可以定位到文章最后一段，表明干細胞治療前景可觀。
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