英語(yǔ)平行結(jié)構(gòu)詳解

時(shí)間：2024-06-29 04:17:05 綜合英語(yǔ) 我要投稿

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英語(yǔ)的平行結(jié)構(gòu)詳解

　　英語(yǔ)平行結(jié)構(gòu)是指連接兩個(gè)或以上對(duì)等的詞和對(duì)等的結(jié)構(gòu)，想要學(xué)好英語(yǔ)怎么能不知道平行結(jié)構(gòu)的用法呢?下面就讓小編為大家詳解一下吧。

英語(yǔ)的平行結(jié)構(gòu)詳解

　　英語(yǔ)平行結(jié)構(gòu)詳解

　　一、連詞連接兩個(gè)對(duì)等的詞和對(duì)等的結(jié)構(gòu)并列連詞

　�。╝nd, but, as well as, or, or else, both … and, neither … nor, either … or, not only … but (also）rather than等以及從屬連詞than可連接兩個(gè)對(duì)等的詞和對(duì)等的結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　1.所連接的謂語(yǔ)形式必須一致

　　例1：He went downtown, bought some books and visited his daughter.

　　例2：Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but not used in warfare until two hundred years later.

　　2.所連接的詞或短語(yǔ)形式必須一致

　　例1：Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also on how you participate in

　　class.

　　例2：We often go to the countryside as well as to factories.

　　例3：I would much rather go to the countryside than stay here.

　　3.連接的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式必須一致

　　例1：Some find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.

　　例2：He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.

　　4.所連接的句子結(jié)構(gòu)必須一致

　　例1：She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told him.

　　例2：The purpose of the research had a more different meaning for them than it did for us.

　　二、某些特定的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

　　1、有些詞后要用平行結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

　　prefer sth to sth

　　prefer doing sth to doing sth

　　prefer to do sth rather than do sth

　　（1）I prefer rice to noodles.

　�。�2）I prefer watching TV to listening to music.

　　（3）He preferred to die rather than surrender.

　　2、有些結(jié)構(gòu)中要用平行結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

　　would ， had rather ， sooner do something than do something, would， had as soon do something as do something

　　(寧可……也不……)

　�。�1）Liu Hulan said she had rather die than give up.

　�。�2） I would as soon stay at home as go.

　　三、部分強(qiáng)調(diào)句

　　要強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一部分，可以把句子的結(jié)構(gòu)改變一下，通常有兩種表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的句式：It is / was … that …結(jié)構(gòu)和What … is was…結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　一、It is， was … that … 結(jié)構(gòu)

　　1.It is，was … that … 結(jié)構(gòu)可以用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中幾乎任何部分

　　例1：It was my mother that threw an egg at Mr. Li yesterday.

　　例2：It was Mr. Li that my mother threw an egg at yesterday.

　　2.被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分指人時(shí)，可用who枵whom

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果指的是人，可以不用that而用who來(lái)代替。強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果指點(diǎn)的是人，可用whom.例如：

　�。�1）It was the dean who walked by.

　　（2）It was Mary whom the old lady missed most.

　　3被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指物時(shí)，要用that

　　例如：It was an egg that my mother threw at Mr. Li yesterday.

　　4.被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，也只能用that，不能用when或where.

　　例1：It is during his spare time that John has been studying a course in French.

　　例2：It was in the hall that the mayor held the press conference.

　　5.不能用It is / was … that 結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞常用do,過(guò)去式用did.例如：

　�。�1） They did study very hard yesterday.

　　（2）He does look forward to making the acquaintance of her.

　　What … is / was … 結(jié)構(gòu)

　　二、What … is / was … 結(jié)構(gòu)常用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，is/ was后面是強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分。例如：

　�。�1）What hurts is my left leg.

　�。�2）What I like is her style.

　　英語(yǔ)句型結(jié)構(gòu)知識(shí)點(diǎn)“復(fù)合句”詳解

　　復(fù)合句

　　復(fù)合句(Complex Sentence)由一個(gè)主句(Principal Clause)和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句(Subordinate Clause)構(gòu)成。

　　主句是全句的主體，通�？梢元�(dú)立存在;從句則是一個(gè)句子成分，不能獨(dú)立存在。

　　從句不能單獨(dú)成句，但它也有主語(yǔ)部分和謂語(yǔ)部分，就像一個(gè)句子一樣。所不同在于，從句須由一個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞(connective)引導(dǎo)。

　　賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)法意義及結(jié)構(gòu)

　　語(yǔ)法意義：

　　賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句通常由連詞(that, whether, if)、連接代詞(which, what, who, whose, whom)或連接副詞(where, how, when, why)等引導(dǎo)。及物動(dòng)詞、介詞或某些系表結(jié)構(gòu)后可帶賓語(yǔ)從句。

　　句型結(jié)構(gòu)：

　　主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+引導(dǎo)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(+其他成分)

　　結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

　　連詞有：so … that, such … that

　　(1) so...that"如此……以致"，that在非正式文體中可以省略，so后面接形容詞或副詞。如：

　　She spoke __________ fast ___________ nobody could catch what she was saying.

　　她說(shuō)話如此之快竟沒有人聽出來(lái)她在講什么。

　　There is _________ little time left _________ I have to tell you about it later.

　　現(xiàn)在剩下的時(shí)間不多了，我只好以后再給你講這件事。

　　(2) such...that"如此……以致",

　　具體內(nèi) 容是：

　�、賡uch +形容詞+名詞+that從句。其中的名詞可以是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。

　　② such +a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+that從句,可換成so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)名詞+that從句。如：

　　The Japanese student made _________ rapid progress __________ he soon began to write article in Chinese.

　　那個(gè)日本留學(xué)生進(jìn)步很快，不久就開始用中文寫文章了。

　　The professor told us __________________________ all the students laughed.

　　=___________________________________________________________________________.

　　教授講了個(gè)很有趣的故事，(以致于)所有的學(xué)生都笑了起來(lái)。

　　She is _________ beautiful __________ everyone likes her.

　　= ___________________________________________________________________________.

　　英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)：限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

　　1.二者差異比較

　　限制定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞，同先行詞這間一般不加逗號(hào)，僅修飾先行詞，可以由關(guān)系代詞.關(guān)系副詞或that來(lái)引導(dǎo)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句僅作補(bǔ)充或說(shuō)明，用逗號(hào)與主句隔開，既可修飾先行詞，又可修飾整個(gè)主句，不可用that引導(dǎo)。

　　2.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇依據(jù)

　　弄清代替先行詞的關(guān)系詞在從句中作什么成分,作狀語(yǔ)的應(yīng)選用關(guān)系副詞，作主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)的可選用關(guān)系代詞。

　　3. 先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句隔離

　　定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后，但定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間有時(shí)也會(huì)插入別的成分，構(gòu)成先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句的隔離。例如：

　�。�1） This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about.

　�。�2） He was the only person in this country who was invited.

　　初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：

　　1. Why don’t you do sth.?

　　2. make sb. Happy

　　3. borrow sth. from sb.

　　4. forget to do sth.

　　5. pay fro sth.