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高一英語閱讀理解練習(xí)
對閱讀理解能力的測試是英語考試中必不可少的測試項(xiàng)目，主要考查學(xué)生對于不同體裁或不同題材語言材料的理解能力，以及通過材料的閱讀，對材料中信息的捕獲能力。
第一篇：
An old problem is getting new attention in the United States—bullying. Recent cases included the tragic case of a 15 year old girl whose family moved from Ireland. She hanged herself in Massachusetts following months of bullying. Her parents criticized her school for failing to protect her. Officials have brought criminal charges against several teenagers.
Judy Kuczynski is president of an anti-bullying group called Bully Police USA. Her daughter Tina was also the victim of severe bullying starting in middle school in the state of Minnesota. She said，“Our daughter was a very outgoing child. She was involved in all kinds of things and had lots of friends. And over a period of time her grades fell completely. She started having health issues. She couldn't sleep. She wasn't eating. She had terrible stomach pains. Didn't want to go to school.”
Bullying is defined as negative behavior repeated over time against the same person. It can involve physical violence, or it can be verbal—for example, insults or threats. Spreading lies about someone or excluding a person from a group is known as social or relational bullying.
And now there is cyberbullying, which uses the Internet, e-mail or text messages. It has easy appeal for the bully because it does not involve face-to-face contact and it can be done at any time.
The first serious research studies into bullying were done in Norway in the late 1970s. The latest government study in the United States was released last year. It found that about one-third of students age twelve to eighteen were bullied at school.
Susan Swearer is a psychologist at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and co-director of the Bullying Research Network. She says schools should treat bullying as a mental health problem to get bullies and victims the help they need. She says bullying is connected to depression, anxiety and anti-social behavior and bullies are often victims themselves.
1. From the case of Tina, we can know that ________.
A. bullying is rare
B. victims suffered a lot
C. schools are to blame
D. personalities are related
2. Which of the following is NOT bullying?
A. To beat someone repeatedly.
B. To call someone names.
C. To isolate someone from friends.
D. To refuse to help someone in need.
3. Why is cyberbullying appealing to the bully?
A. Because it can involve more people.
B. Because it can create worse effects.
C. Because it is more convenient.
D. Because it can avoid cheating.
4. According to Susan Swearer, ________.
A. bullies are antisocial
B. bullies should give victims help
C. students are not equally treated
D. bullies themselves also need help
第二篇：
The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world's supply of water. With 97% of the world's water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. Although the idea of a water shortage(短缺)seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world's agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.
Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution(重新分配)are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys(山谷)are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.
This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation (灌溉). In Texas, farmers' overuse of irrigation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use has been poorly managed.
Saudi Arabia's attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.
1. From the first two paragraphs we learn that________.
A. much of the world's water is available for use
B. people in high rainfall countries feel lucky
C. the costs of water redistribution should be considered
D. water can be easily carried through pipes across the world
2. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The water stores in Texas have been reduced by 75%.
B. Most industries in the world suffer from water shortages.
C. The underground water in Saudi Arabia might run out in 50 years.
D. Good management of water use resulted from the project in the Central Valley.
3. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?
A. Steps to improving water use management.
B. Ways to reduce the costs of building dams.
C. Measures to deal with worldwide water shortages.
D. Approaches to handling the pressure on water supply.
4. The text is mainly about________.
A. water supply and increasing population
B. water use management and agriculture
C. water redistribution and wildlife protection
D. water shortages and environmental protection
>>>>>>答案與解析<<<<<<
第一篇：
1.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段講述了受害者蒂娜的遭遇。從她母親的敘述可以看出，校園的恃強(qiáng)凌弱使她學(xué)業(yè)下降，身體和精神都受到摧殘，因此選B項(xiàng)。該例子沒有談到學(xué)校的責(zé)任或與人品的關(guān)系。
2.D 推理判斷題。從第三段的敘述看，A、B、C項(xiàng)都是校園內(nèi)恃強(qiáng)凌弱的例子，而D項(xiàng)“不幫助需要幫助的人”不在其列。
3.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段第二句可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌對那些恃強(qiáng)凌弱者很有吸引力，因?yàn)檫@種欺凌不需要面對面，而且隨時(shí)可以進(jìn)行，由此判斷選C項(xiàng)，這樣的行為更方便。
4.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中蘇珊的方法“get bullies and victims the help they need”和“bullies are often victims themselves”可知，恃強(qiáng)凌弱者同樣也是受害者，她認(rèn)為這樣的人也需要幫助。
第二篇：
世界的可用淡水資源有限，但農(nóng)業(yè)在利用水資源過程中存在不盡如人意之處，本文指出了其中的一些問題。
1.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題，由文中第一段第二句“With 97% of the world's water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture...”可知A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;由第一段第三句“...strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country...”可知B選項(xiàng)不合文意;第二段前兩句指出水資源的重新分配的費(fèi)用極高，一方面是水利過程本身的造價(jià)，另一方面也會對生態(tài)造成極大的破壞，所以選項(xiàng)C正確，根據(jù)第二段第四句“...it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other.”可知D項(xiàng)不正確。
2.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句“...has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores.”可判斷A選項(xiàng)不正確;由第一段最后一句可判斷B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;由文章最后一句“...fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.”可知C項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句可知D項(xiàng)不正確。
3.A 判斷推理題。文章前面一部分主要是講述農(nóng)業(yè)在利用水資源過程中存在的問題，接下來應(yīng)該是介紹加強(qiáng)水資源管理的方法和措施，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。
4.B 主旨大意題。由第一段第二句可知。
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