2017年初級(jí)翻譯資格考試練習(xí)題及答案
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1. We have had to raise the prices of our products because of the increase in the cost of ______ materials.
A. primitive B. rough
C. original D. raw
2. With an eighty-hour week and little enjoyment, life must have been very______ for the students.
A. hostile B. anxious
C. tedious D. obscure
3. Whenever the government increases public services,______ because more workers are needed to carry out these services.
A. employment to rise B. employment rises
C. which rising employment D. the rise of employment
4. Our flight to Guangzhou was ______ by a bad fog and we had to stay much longer in the hotel than we had expected.
A. delayed B. adjourned
C. cancelled D. preserved
5. Container-grown plants can be planted at any time of the year, but ______ in winter.
A. should be B. would be
C. preferred D. preferably
6. Both longitude and latitude ______ in degrees, minutes and seconds.
A. measuring B. measured
C. are measured D. being measured
7. Most comets have two kinds of tails, one made up of dust, ______ made up of electrically charged particles called plasma.
A. one another B. the other
C. other ones D. each other
8. Good pencil erasers are soft enough not ______ paper but hard enough so that they crumble gradually when used.
A. by damaging B. so that they damage
C. to damage D. damaging
9. The magician picked several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.
A. by accident B. at random
C. on occasion D. on average
10. On turning the comer, they saw the path ______ steeply.
A. departing B. descending
C. decreasing D. degenerating
11. English language publications in China are growing in volume and ______.
A. circulation B. rotation
C. circumstance D. appreciation
121. Hydroponics ______ the cultivation of plants without soil.
A. does B. is
C. do D. are
13. To impose computer technology ______ teachers is to create an environment that is not conducive to learning.
A. with B. to
C. in D. on
14. Marketing is ______ just distributing goods from the manufacturer to the final customer.
A. rather than B. other than
C. bigger than D. more than
15. ______ a language family is a group of languages with a common origin and similar vocabulary, grammar, and sound system.
A. What linguists call B. It is called by linguists
C. Linguists call it D. What do linguists call
16. In the eighteenth century, the town of Bennington, Vermont, was famous for ______ pottery.
A. it made B. its
C. the making D. where its
17. ______ get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.
A. Children B. Children, when they
C. As children D. For children to
18. ______ of his childhood home in Hannibal, Missouri, provided Mark Twain with the inspiration for two of his most popular novels.
A. Remembering B. Memories
C. It was the memories D. He remembered
19. Dust storms most often occur in areas where the ground has little vegetation to protect ______ of the wind.
A. from the effects B. it the effects
C. it from the effects D. the effects from it
20. Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are a ______.
A. scarcity B. minority
C. minimum D. Shortage
【參考答案】
1.D [分析] 近義辨析。
A.primitive原始的，粗糙的，簡(jiǎn)單的，B.rough粗糙的，粗略的，大致的： C.original最初的，原始的，獨(dú)創(chuàng)的：D.raw 未加工的，生的，處于自然狀態(tài)的，此處是指原材料，因此答案為D。
2.C [分析] 詞義辨析。
A.hostile敵對(duì)的，敵意的;B.anxious擔(dān)憂的，渴望的：C.tedious單調(diào)乏味的，沉悶的，D.obscure朦朧的，模糊的，晦澀的，此處指：……，學(xué)生的生活一定是單調(diào)乏味的。因此答案為C。
3.B [分析] 語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用。
逗號(hào)前是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，because又引導(dǎo)一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，因此所填之處應(yīng)為一個(gè)完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu);B為答案。
4.A [分析] 近義辨析。
A.delayed耽擱，延誤，推遲(指由于某種原因推遲，稍后還將繼續(xù)，但不表明延期的具體時(shí)間);如：The accident delayed the train.火車(chē)因事故晚點(diǎn)。 B.adjourned使中止，推遲(一般指會(huì)議休會(huì)，則其在繼續(xù)開(kāi));如：The hearing will be adjourned until tomorrow morning.聽(tīng)證會(huì)推遲到明天上午舉行。C.cancelled取消，D.preserved保存，保藏。
5.D [分析] 詞義辨析。
should be/would be應(yīng)是;preferred首選的(adj.);preferably更適宜，最好是 (adv.);因此應(yīng)填D。
6.C [分析] 語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用。
所填之處前面是主語(yǔ)，后面是狀語(yǔ)，此處應(yīng)是謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意，此處又應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以C為答案。
7.B [分析] 形近識(shí)別。
one another互相(原則上，兩個(gè)人/兩個(gè)時(shí)用each other，三個(gè)人/三個(gè)以上則用one another);如：They looked at one another.他們彼此看著對(duì)方：each other相互;如：They respect each other.他們互相尊重;the other(在兩個(gè)之中的)另一方(表示兩者之中剩下的那一個(gè));因此應(yīng)填B。
8.C [分析] 語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用。
“enough+不定式”(足夠……能)結(jié)構(gòu)常置于形容詞后作狀語(yǔ)，表示結(jié)果，本句是這一結(jié)構(gòu)的否定式：所以C是答案。
9.B [分析] 習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析。
A.by accident偶然;B.at random隨便地，任意地，胡亂地：C.on occasion有時(shí)，D.on average平均起來(lái);因此B為答案。
10.B[分析] 形近識(shí)別。
A.departing出發(fā)，背離;B.descending下降;如：The path descends sharply.這條小徑向下急降(下斜坡度很陡)。C.decreasing減少，漸減; D.degenerating退化，因此選項(xiàng)B是答案。
11.A[分析] 詞義辨析。
A.circulation流通，傳播：B.rotation旋轉(zhuǎn)，C.circumstance條件，細(xì)節(jié)， D.appreciation欣賞，正確評(píng)價(jià)，增值，此句意為：在中國(guó)，英語(yǔ)出版物在產(chǎn)量與銷(xiāo)量(發(fā)行量/傳遞/流通)上日益增加。因此應(yīng)選A。
12.B[分析] 語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用。
Hydroponics(水耕法，水栽培)雖帶有詞尾-s，但表示單一概念，應(yīng)看作是單數(shù)名詞，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，本句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，用be動(dòng)詞，所以選B。
13.D[分析] 固定搭配。
impose+名詞+on/upon(對(duì)……)課稅，使負(fù)擔(dān)，把(想法等)強(qiáng)加(于某人)，強(qiáng)迫(某人)接受：如：He always tries to impose his opinion on others.他總是想強(qiáng)迫別人接受他的意見(jiàn)。因此選D。
14.D[分析] 習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析。
A.rather than勝于，B.other than不同于，除了;C.bigger than大于;D.more than多過(guò)……，不止……，……以上;如：The consequence was much more than he imagined.結(jié)果遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)他的想象。本句意為：營(yíng)銷(xiāo)不僅僅是將貨物從生產(chǎn)者向最終客戶(hù)的分配。因此選D。
15.A[分析] 語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用。
本句是用名詞性從句What do linguists call a language family作主語(yǔ)，意思是語(yǔ)言學(xué)家將一組有著共同起源，類(lèi)似詞匯、語(yǔ)法及音系的語(yǔ)言稱(chēng)為語(yǔ)系。
16.B[分析] 語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用。
本句意為：在十八世紀(jì)，本寧頓城和佛蒙特城以其制陶業(yè)而聞名：因此應(yīng)填代詞的所有格。如：The small town is famous for its fine park.這座小城以漂亮的公園著稱(chēng)。
17.C[分析] 語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用。
本句逗號(hào)前是狀語(yǔ)從句，空白處應(yīng)填連詞;主句主語(yǔ)是the games，因此選項(xiàng)A、B、D均不對(duì)：只有as“隨著”符合句意，所以C為答案。
18.B[分析] 語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用。
此處考強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that/who;意為：是對(duì)童年家鄉(xiāng)(漢尼拔和密蘇里)的回憶使得馬克吐溫產(chǎn)生了靈感，寫(xiě)出了他最著名兩部小說(shuō)。因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
19.C[分析] 固定搭配。
protect sth.from/against...保護(hù);如：He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.他戴著太陽(yáng)鏡以擋強(qiáng)烈的陽(yáng)光。因此選項(xiàng)C是答案。
20.B[分析] 詞義辨析。
A.scarcity 缺乏，不足，罕見(jiàn);B.minority 少數(shù)，少數(shù)民族;C.minimum 最小值;D.shortage 不足，缺乏：因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。
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