6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案

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2022年6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案

　　英語四級閱讀理解分為詞匯理解、長篇閱讀、仔細閱讀三種題型。下面是小編整理的2023年6月英語四級閱讀理解真題，歡迎閱讀!

2022年6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案篇1

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

　　Contrary to popular belief, older people generally do not want to live with their children. Moreover, most adult children __26__ every bit as much care and support to their aging parents as was the case in the "good old days", and most older people do not feel __27__ .

　　About 80% of people 65 years and older have living children, and about 90% of them have __28__ contact with their children. About 75% of elderly parents who don't go to nursing homes live within 30 minutes of at least one of their children.

　　However, __29__ having contact with children does not guarantee happiness in old age. In fact, some research has found that people who are most involved with their families have the lowest spirits. This research may be __30__ , however, as ill health often makes older people more __31__ and thereby increases contact with family members. So it is more likely that poor health, not just family involvement, __32__ spirits.

　　Increasingly, researchers have begun to look at the quality of relationships, rather than at the frequency of contact, between the elderly and their children. If parents and children share interests and values and agree on childrearing practices and religious __33__ , they are likely to enjoy each other's company. Disagreements on such matters can __34__ cause problems. If parents are angered by their daughter's divorce, dislike her new husband, and disapprove of how she is raising their grandchildren, __35__ are that they are not going to enjoy her visits.

　　A.abandoned B.advanced C.biased D.chances E.commitment F.dampens G.dependent H.distant I.frequent J.fulfillment K.grant L.merely M.provide N.understandably O.unrealistically

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Could Food Shortages Bring Down Civilization?

　　[A] For many years I have studied global agricultural, population, environmental and economic trends and their interactions. The combined effects of those trends and the political tensions they generate point to the breakdown of governments and societies. Yet I, too, have resisted the idea that food shortages could bring down not only individual governments but also our global civilization.

　　[B] I can no longer ignore that risk. Our continuing failure to deal with the environmental declines that are undermining the world food economy forces me to conclude that such a collapse is possible.

　　[C] As demand for food rises faster than supplies are growing, the resulting food-price inflation puts severe stress on the governments of many countries. Unable to buy grain or grow their own, hungry people take to the streets. Indeed, even before the steep climb in grain prices in 2008, the number of failing states was expanding. If the food situation continues to worsen, entire nations will break down at an ever increasing rate. In the 20th century the main threat to international security was superpower conflict; today it is failing states.

　　[D] States fail when national governments can no longer provide personal security, food security and basic social services such as education and health care. When governments lose their control on power, law and order begin to disintegrate. After a point, countries can become so dangerous that food relief workers are no longer safe and their programs are halted. Failing states are of international concern because they are a source of terrorists, drugs, weapons and refugees (難民), threatening political stability everywhere.

　　[E] The surge in world grain prices in 2007 and 2008—and the threat they pose to food security—has a different, more troubling quality than the increases of the past. During the second half of the 20th century, grain prices rose dramatically several times. In 1972, for instance, the Soviets, recognizing their poor harvest early, quietly cornered the world wheat market. As a result, wheat prices elsewhere more than doubled, pulling rice and corn prices up with them. But this and other price shocks were event-driven—drought in the Soviet Union, crop-shrinking heat in the U.S. Corn Belt. And the rises were short-lived: prices typically returned to normal with the next harvest.

　　[F] In contrast, the recent surge in world grain prices is trend-driven, making it unlikely to reverse without a reversal in the trends themselves. On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion (轉向) of U.S. grain to the production of bio-fuel.

　　[G] As incomes rise among low-income consumers, the potential for further grain consumption is huge. But that potential pales beside the never-ending demand for crop-based fuels. A fourth of this year's U.S. grain harvest will go to fuel cars.

　　[H] What about supply? The three environmental trends—the shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures—are making it increasingly hard to expand the world's grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand. Of all those trends, however, the spread of water shortages poses the most immediate threat. The biggest challenge here is irrigation, which consumes 70% of the world's fresh water. Millions of irrigation wells in many countries are now pumping water out of underground sources faster than rainfall can refill them. The result is falling water tables (地下水位) in countries with half the world's people, including the three big grain producers—China, India and the U.S.

　　[I] As water tables have fallen and irrigation wells have gone dry, China's wheat crop, the world's largest, has declined by 8% since it peaked at 123 million tons in 1997. But water shortages are even more worrying in India. Millions of irrigation wells have significantly lowered water tables in almost every state.

　　[J] As the world's food security falls to pieces, individual countries acting in their own self-interest are actually worsening the troubles of many. The trend began in 2007, when leading wheat-exporting countries such as Russia and Argentina limited or banned their exports, in hopes of increasing local food supplies and thereby bringing down domestic food prices. Vietnam banned its exports for several months for the same reason. Such moves may eliminate the fears of those living in the exporting countries, but they are creating panic in importing countries that must rely on what is then left for export.

　　[K] In response to those restrictions, grain-importing countries are trying to nail down long-term trade agreements that would lock up future grain supplies. Food-import anxiety is even leading to new efforts by food-importing countries to buy or lease farmland in other countries. In spite of such temporary measures, soaring food prices and spreading hunger in many other countries are beginning to break down the social order.

　　[L] Since the current world food shortage is trend-driven, the environmental trends that cause it must be reversed. We must cut carbon emissions by 80% from their 2006 levels by 2020, stabilize the world's population at eight billion by 2040, completely remove poverty, and restore forests and soils. There is nothing new about the four objectives. Indeed, we have made substantial progress in some parts of the world on at least one of these—the distribution of family-planning services and the associated shift to smaller families.

　　[M] For many in the development community, the four objectives were seen as positive, promoting development as long as they did not cost too much. Others saw them as politically correct and morally appropriate. Now a third and far more significant motivation presents itself: meeting these goals may be necessary to prevent the collapse of our civilization. Yet the cost we project for saving civilization would amount to less than $200 billion a year, 1/6 of current global military spending. In effect, our plan is the new security budget.

　　36. The more recent steep climb in grain prices partly results from the fact that more and more people want to consume meat products.

　　37. Social order is breaking down in many countries because of food shortages.

　　38. Rather than superpower conflict, countries unable to cope with food shortages now constitute the main threat to world security.

　　39. Some parts of the world have seen successful implementation of family planning.

　　40. The author has come to agree that food shortages could ultimately lead to the collapse of world civilization.

　　41. Increasing water shortages prove to be the biggest obstacle to boosting the world's grain production.

　　42. The cost for saving our civilization would be considerably less than the world’s current military spending.

　　43. To lower domestic food prices, some countries limited or stopped their grain exports.

　　44. Environmental problems must be solved to ease the current global food shortage.

　　45. A quarter of this year's American grain harvest will be used to produce bio-fuel for cars.

　　Section C

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

　　Declining mental function is often seen as a problem of old age, but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood, a new study suggests.

　　The study, which followed more than 2,000 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60, found that certain mental functions—including measures of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solving—started to dull as early as age 27.

　　Dips in memory, meanwhile, generally became apparent around age 37.

　　On the other hand, indicators of a person's accumulated knowledge—like performance on tests of vocabulary and general knowledge—kept improving with age, according to findings published in the journal Neurobiology of Aging.

　　The results do not mean that young adults need to start worrying about their memories. Most people's minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse.

　　"These patterns suggest that some types of mental flexibility decrease relatively early in adulthood, but that the amount of knowledge one has, and the effectiveness of integrating it with one's abilities, may increase throughout all of adulthood if there are no diseases," Salthouse said in a news release.

　　The study included healthy, educated adults who took standard tests of memory, reasoning and perception at the outset and at some point over the next seven years.

　　The tests are designed to detect subtle (細微的) changes in mental function, and involve solving puzzles, recalling words and details from stories, and identifying patterns in collections of letters and symbols.

　　In general, Salthouse and his colleagues found, certain aspects of cognition (認知能力) generally started to decline in the late 20s to 30s.

　　The findings shed light on normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in understanding the process of dementia (癡呆), according to the researchers.

　　"By following individuals over time," Salthouse said, "we gain insight in cognition changes, and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate of decline."

　　The researchers are currently analyzing the study participants' health and lifestyle to see which factors might influence age-related cognitive changes.

　　46. What is the common view of mental function?

　　A) It varies from person to person.

　　B) It weakens in one's later years.

　　C) It gradually expands with age.

　　D) It indicates one's health condition.

　　47. What does the new study find about mental functions?

　　A) Some diseases inevitably lead to their decline.

　　B) They reach a peak at the age of 20 for most people.

　　C) They are closely related to physical and mental exercise.

　　D) Some of them begin to decline when people are still young.

　　48. What does Timothy Salthouse say about people’s minds in most cases?

　　A) They tend to decline in people's later years.

　　B) Their flexibility determines one's abilities.

　　C) They function quite well even in old age.

　　D) Their functioning is still a puzzle to be solved.

　　49. Although people's minds may function less flexibly as they age, they _____.

　　A) may be better at solving puzzles

　　B) can memorize things with more ease

　　C) may have greater facility in abstract reasoning

　　D) can put what they have learnt into more effective use

　　50. According to Salthouse, their study may help us _____.

　　A) find ways to slow down our mental decline

　　B) find ways to boost our memories

　　C) understand the complex process of mental functioning

　　D) understand the relation between physical and mental health

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

　　The most important thing in the news last week was the rising discussion in Nashville about the educational needs of children. The shorthand (簡寫) educators use for this is "pre-K"—meaning instruction before kindergarten—and the big idea is to prepare 4-year-olds and even younger kids to be ready to succeed on their K-12 journey.

　　But it gets complicated. The concept has multiple forms, and scholars and policymakers argue about the shape, scope and cost of the ideal program.

　　The federal Head Start program, launched 50 years ago, has served more than 30 million children. It was based on concepts developed at Vanderbilt University's Peabody College by Susan Gray, the legendary pioneer in early childhood education research.

　　A new Peabody study of the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-K program reports that pre-K works, but the gains are not sustained through the third grade. It seems to me this highlights quality issues in elementary schools more than pre-K, and indicates longer-term success must connect pre-K with all the other issues related to educating a child.

　　Pre-K is controversial. Some critics say it is a luxury and shouldn't be free to families able to pay. Pre-K advocates insist it is proven and will succeed if integrated with the rest of the child's schooling. I lean toward the latter view.

　　This is, in any case, the right conversation to be having now as Mayor Megan Barry takes office. She was the first candidate to speak out for strong pre-K programming. The important thing is for all of us to keep in mind the real goal and the longer, bigger picture.

　　The weight of the evidence is on the side of pre-K that early intervention (干預) works. What government has not yet found is the political will to put that understanding into full practice with a sequence of smart schooling that provides the early foundation.

　　For this purpose, our schools need both the talent and the organization to educate each child who arrives at the schoolhouse door. Some show up ready, but many do not at this critical time when young brains are developing rapidly.

　　51. What does the author say about pre-kindergarten education?

　　A) It should cater to the needs of individual children.

　　B) It is essential to a person's future academic success.

　　C) Scholars and policymakers have different opinions about it.

　　D) Parents regard it as the first phase of children's development.

　　52. What does the new Peabody study find?

　　A) Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.

　　B) The third grade marks a new phase of learning.

　　C) The third grade is critical to children's development.

　　D) Quality has not been the top concern of pre-K programs.

　　53. When does the author think pre-K works the best?

　　A) When it is accessible to kids of all families.

　　B) When it is made part of kids' education.

　　C) When it is no longer considered a luxury.

　　D) When it is made fun and enjoyable to kids.

　　54. What do we learn about Mayor Megan Barry?

　　A) She knows the real goal of education.

　　B) She is a mayor of insight and vision.

　　C) She has once run a pre-K program.

　　D) She is a firm supporter of pre-K.

　　55. What does the author think is critical to kids' education?

　　A) Teaching method.

　　B) Kids' interest.

　　C) Early intervention.

　　D) Parents' involvement.

　　參考答案：

　　Reading Comprehension

　　26-35：KAILC GFEND

　　36-45：FKCLB HMJLG

　　46-55：BDCDA CABDC

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案篇2

　　British newspapers are much smaller than they used to be and their readers are often in a hurry ,so newspapermen write as few words as possible .They tell their readers at once what happened ,where ,when and how it happened and what was the result : how many people were killed ,what change was done and so on .Readers want the fact(事實) set out as fully and accurately as possible .Readers are also interested in the people who have seen the accident. So a newspaperman always likes to get some information (信息)from someone who was there, which can be given in the person’s own words .Because he can use only a few words ,the newspaperman must choose those words carefully ,every one must be effective(有效). Instead of “he called out in a loud voice”, he writes” he shouted”; instead of “the loose stones rolled noisily down the side of the mountain”, he will write” they thundered down the mountainside”. Because many of the readers aren’t very clever, and most of them are in a hurry.

　　1. From the text, we learn that newspapermen write as few words as possible ,because readers___.

　　A. want to know more about the news

　　B. take no interest in what has happened

　　C. have no time to read the news carefully

　　D. pay much attention to the result

　　2. The underlined word”one” in the text refers to ______. A.word B.newspaperman C.reader D.person

　　3. Which of the following would best complete the text ?

　　A. he will keep his writing short

　　B. he won’t care about his writing

　　C. he will give nothing but information

　　D. he won’t make his writing good enough.

　　4. In what way do you think British newspapers have become smaller?

　　A. In a page size. B. In number of readers.

　　C. In number of pages. D. In number of copies

　　5. Which of the following is true?

　　A. Readers are not satisfied with the short news.

　　B. Not many people have time to read the long articles in newspapers.

　　> C. Readers find the language of the newspapers exciting.

　　D. Newspapermen try to report as fully as possible.

　　CABAB

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案篇3

　　Long,long ago people made the first lightening(閃電).But they had to keep the fire burning,for they couldnt start it again if there was no lighting.Later,they found out hitting two pieces of stone together could make a spark(火花).The spark could fire dry leaves.In this way they could make the fire again if it went out .Then people also learned to make a fire by rubbing(摩擦).They made a hole on a piece of wood and put a smaller stick into the hole. They turned the stick again and again.After a few minutes they got a fire.

　　As years went by, people learned other way to make a fire.Sometimes they used the heat from the sun.They held a piece of glass in the right way and made a piece of paper on fire.

　　About two centuries ago, people began to make matches.Matches brought people a quick and easy way to make fires.Today matches are still being used, but people have more new ways to make fires.One of them is to use an electric fire starter.Of course an electric fire starter is much more expensive then a box of matches, But it is very useful.

　　1. From the text we know that a spark can________.

　　A.fire and leaves

　　B.burn anything

　　C.burn dry leaves

　　D.keep fire burning

　　2. We can also get a fire by__________.

　　A.making a hole on a big piece of wood

　　B.putting the smaller stick into the hole

　　C.turning the stick hard for a while

　　D.all above together

　　3. Matches have been used ___________.

　　A.for about two thousand years

　　B.for about two hundred yearsxschu.com

　　C.since people began to use fire for cooking

　　D.since people used the heat from the sun

　　4. From the text, we know that _________.

　　A.electric fire starters are widely usedbbs.

　　B.people havent used matches since they had electric fire starters

　　C.today there are only two ways to make fire

　　D.some forest fires happen from lighting

　　5. Which of the following is the right order of the ways to make fires that people got to know?

　　a.with a match

　　b.from the sun

　　c. from lightening

　　d.by rubbing

　　e. with an electric fire starter

　　A.a,b,c,d,c B.b,c,a,e,d

　　C.c,d,b,a,e D.d,a,c,b,e

　　A.but

　　B.and

　　C.so

　　D.or

　　3. The smile on my mothers face showed that she was _______with me.

　　A.sad

　　B.pleased

　　C.angry

　　D. sorry

　　4. Youd better _______the book to others.

　　A.dont lend

　　B.not to lend

　　C.didnt lend

　　D.not lend

　　5. The text is very easy for you. There are _____new words in it.

　　A.a few

　　B.a little

　　C. few

　　D.little

　　6. The box is________far for the boy______reach.

　　A.too....to....

　　B.to; too

　　C.so;that

　　D.no;to

　　7. May I use your dictionary? I want to ____a word.

　　A.look at

　　B.look for

　　C.look after

　　D.look up

　　8. ---Would you like some chicken ?

　　---_______.Ive had enough.

　　A. Yes, thank you.

　　B.No, thanks

　　C.Thats all right

　　D.Just fine.

　　答案：

　　1. C 解析：本題從第一段第四行可以得到答案。

　　2. D 解析：從第一段最后三行可以看出答案，前三個選項就是通過摩擦生火的三步。

　　3. B 解析：本題從第三段第一行可以得出答案。

　　4. A 解析：本題可用排除法，從最后一段可以把BC排除，文中并沒提到閃電造成的火災，所以D也不對，只能選A。

　　5. C 解析：從第一句看出第一句方式就是lighting,所以只能選C

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案篇4

　　As many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins（企鵝）may be in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins have decreased(減少) by 30% since 1987.

　　Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in South America，New Zealand，Australia and South Africa. Mary live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷蝦).

　　The warming of the earth is the decrease in penguin populations. The heating of the air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperatures have reduced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce(繁殖). Besides，many adult penguins die of hunger.

　　Widespread(廣泛的) fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks(漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous organisms(生物) in ocean water are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies，including wild dogs，sharks，seals and sea lions.

　　News about penguins is not all bad，however. Several years ago，oil leaking from a ship hurt 40% of the penguins in South Africa. The penguins became covered with oil. But thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild. Now these South African penguins are reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.

　　根據(jù)短文內容，選擇正確答案。

　　1. Penguins ___________.

　　A. can swim better than fly

　　B. can be found near Oceania (大洋洲)

　　C. eat fish only

　　D. live only in cold waters.

　　2. Which of the following is NOT the cause of penguin's decrease in numbers?

　　A. Oil searching. B. Widespread fishing.

　　C. Human's killing. D. Warming of the oceans.

　　3. Why are the penguins in South Africa reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking?

　　A. Because people removed the ship.

　　B. Because people sent a lot of penguins to the wild.