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小升初英語基本語法與練習
知識要點
表示多少和第幾的詞，叫數(shù)詞。數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種。
1)基數(shù)詞：在十位數(shù)詞和個位數(shù)詞中間加上連字符 - 。如： 21 twenty -one‘基數(shù)詞三位以上的數(shù)詞， 在百位和十位之間，一般要用連詞"and 。 如： 132 one hundred and thirty-two.
表示萬的詞英語中沒有。如1萬可用10千來表示。 ten thousand. 30萬可用 three hundred thousand 來表示。
基數(shù)詞的用法：
1.編號的事物用基數(shù)詞： 如：Lesson Five， Room 101
2.表示年，月，日 時用基數(shù)詞。
3.表示 幾點鐘， 幾點過幾分 用基數(shù)詞。It is two to two. 現(xiàn)在是兩點差兩分。
4.加減乘除用基數(shù)詞。 One plus two is three.一加二等于三。Eight minus four is four. 八減四等于四。
Two times two is four.二乘二等于四.Ten divided by two is five.十除二等于五。
5表示百分數(shù)用基數(shù)詞.
Thirty percent of them is water. 它們當中有30%的水。
6.表示分數(shù)時，分子數(shù)字用基數(shù)詞， 但分母要用序數(shù)詞， 如分子不是1，序數(shù)詞要用復數(shù)形式。
One-fifth of the books are mine. 三分之一的書是我的。
Three-tenths of water is disappeared. 十分之三的水不見了。
2)序數(shù)詞：表示數(shù)目順序的詞用序數(shù)詞。
1.序數(shù)詞1━19 除第一，第二，第三，第五，第八，第九， 第十二變化不規(guī)則外， 其余均由在基數(shù)詞后加上 -th。
2.十位整數(shù)的序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成方法是， 是將十位整數(shù)基數(shù)詞的詞尾 -y 變成 i 再加 -eth。
3.幾十幾的序數(shù)詞，只是把個位數(shù)變成序數(shù)詞， 十位數(shù)不變。
4.第一百以上的多位序數(shù)詞 由基數(shù)詞的形式變結(jié)尾部分為序數(shù)詞形式來表示。
one hundred and twenty-first ，one thousand，three hundred and twentieth
5.序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式 有時，序數(shù)詞可以用縮寫形式來表示。主要縮寫形式有。
first--lst second--2nd third--3rd fourth--4th sixth--6th twentieth--20th twenty-third--23rd 其中l(wèi)st，2nd，3rd為特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯數(shù)字后加上th。
6.通常前面要加定冠詞 the；但是如果序數(shù)詞前出現(xiàn)不定冠詞a或an時，則表示再，又.
We’ve tried it three times．Must we try it a fourth time？
7.基數(shù)詞也可以表示順序。只需將基數(shù)詞放在它所修飾的名詞之后(名詞需大寫) 即可，不需要添加定冠詞。
the first lesson-Lesson One ，the fifth page-Page 5， the twenty-first room-Room 21
練習
( )1. I‘ve read ______ sports news about the F1 race today.
A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of
( )2. During World War II， a Jewish（猶太）lady was protected by a local family in Shanghai in her ______.
A. fiftiesB. fiftyC. fiftiethD. the fiftieth
( )3. The river through our city， which is about _________， is clean again.
A. 6000 meters long B. 6000-metres-long
C. 6000-metre-long D. 6000 meter long
( )4. I study in Yu Cai Middle School. There are two ____students in our school.
A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of
( )5. They said they would have holiday.
A. a two-monthB. two months C. two-months D. two-month’s
( ) 6.-When was the PLA founded？
-It was founded on ____.
A. July 1. 1921 B. October 1.1949
C. May 1.1922 D. August 1.1927
( ) 7. In the past two years， many tall buildings have been built in our city. The tallest is an that stands in the centre.
A. 80-floor building B. 60-floor building
C. 80-floor buildings D. 70 floors building
( )8.The number of people invited ____ fifty， but a number of them _____absent for different reasons.
A. were ； was B. was ； was C. was ； were D. were ； were
( )9.- How soon will you finish your work？ -In about _______.
A. one and a half month B. one month and a half
C. one and half a month D. a month and half
( )10.-Would you like some fruit， madam？ -Oh， yes. _______， please.
A. 5 kilo bananas B. 5 kilos of bananas
C. 5 kilo of bananas D. 5 kilos of banana
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