動(dòng)詞的四種時(shí)態(tài)
時(shí)態(tài)是一種動(dòng)詞形式，不同的時(shí)態(tài)用以表示不同的時(shí)間與方式。它是表示行為、動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)在各種時(shí)間條件下的動(dòng)詞形式，在英語(yǔ)中有16種時(shí)態(tài)。以下是小編為大家整理的動(dòng)詞的四種時(shí)態(tài)相關(guān)內(nèi)容，僅供參考，希望能夠幫助大家。
動(dòng)詞的四種時(shí)態(tài)1
(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成
1. be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am, is, are)+其它。如： I am a boy. 我是一個(gè)男孩。
2. 行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。 如： We study English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she, it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。
動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
(2)一般過(guò)去時(shí):
動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式詳解 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有：
A、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞
�、� 一般直接在動(dòng)詞的后面加ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
�、� 以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加d：如 lived , danced , used
�、� 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動(dòng)詞較少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類)
�、� 雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母(此類動(dòng)詞較少)如 stopped
B、不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞(此類詞并無(wú)規(guī)則，須熟記)小學(xué)階段要記住以下動(dòng)詞的原形和過(guò)去式：sing – sang , eat – ate ,
see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,
are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt
(3)一般將來(lái)時(shí)：
基本結(jié)構(gòu)：
�、賐e going to + do;
�、趙ill+ do. be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
(4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí): am,is,are+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞
動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解 動(dòng)詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：
�、� 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
�、� 以e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要先去e再加ing ，如having , writing
�、� 雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母的(此類動(dòng)詞極少)有：running , swimming , sitting , getting
動(dòng)詞的四種時(shí)態(tài)2
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
主要用來(lái)表示人、事物的現(xiàn)在狀況和特點(diǎn)；表示經(jīng)�；蛄�(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)； 表示客觀規(guī)律和永恒真理等。
例句：
He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.
She has a brother who lives in New York.
The earth goes around the sun.
Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.
考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過(guò)去的語(yǔ)境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary
school.
考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)；常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：
時(shí)間：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/
the minute, the day;
條件：if, unless, provided.
If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.
考點(diǎn)三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter+賓語(yǔ)從句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么時(shí)候做完試驗(yàn)。
考點(diǎn)四：在the more… the more… (越……越……) 的句型中, 若主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí), 從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
The harder you study, the better results you will get.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
表說(shuō)話時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)：表感情色彩，加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。與頻率副詞，如always，constantly，continually，again等連用表示說(shuō)話人的某種感情色彩（贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等）。
例句：
We are having English class.
The house is being built these days.
The little boy is always making trouble.
考點(diǎn)一：在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
Look out when you are crossing the street.
Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.
考點(diǎn)二： 表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（這時(shí)多有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）。
Marry is leaving on Friday.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，完成在過(guò)去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況仍有聯(lián)系，其結(jié)果或影響仍存在。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有一些標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
考點(diǎn)一：for + 時(shí)間段；since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)
They have lived in Beijing for five years.
They have lived in Beijing since 1995.
I have learned English for ten years.
考點(diǎn)二：常見(jiàn)的不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：lately; recently, just, already, yet,up to now; till now; so far, these days,
Has it stopped raining yet ?
考點(diǎn)三：在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)/ 年/ 月以來(lái)……”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等
考點(diǎn)四：表示“第幾次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名詞+that” 后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
This is my first time that I have visited China.
This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.
That is the only book that he has written.
一般過(guò)去時(shí)
表在過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生且完成的動(dòng)作，或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，只說(shuō)明過(guò)去。常跟明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間連用，
如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war;
before; a few days ago; when
考點(diǎn)一：used to + do，表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常但現(xiàn)在已不再維持的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。
to為不定式，后接動(dòng)詞原形。
be/become/get used to + doing，表示習(xí)慣于。
He used to smoke a lot.
He has got used to getting up early.
考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。
He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise.
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
例句：
The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from
work.
He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone
shouted for help.
What were you doing at nine last night?
The radio was being repaired when you called me.
過(guò)去完成時(shí)
表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這種時(shí)態(tài)從來(lái)不孤立使用
( before, after, by, up till）
例句：
There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.
By the end of last term we had finished the book.
They finished earlier than we had expected.
考點(diǎn)一：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than 句型中，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.
I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.
No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. （注意主謂倒裝）
考點(diǎn)二：表示“第幾次做某事”，主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.
It was three years since we had parted.
考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算和意圖。
I had hoped that I could do the job.
I had intended to see you but I was too busy.
一般將來(lái)時(shí)
表在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，其表現(xiàn)形式多達(dá)5種。
例句：
Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.
考點(diǎn)一：一般將來(lái)時(shí)總是用在一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中
We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.
�。ㄖ骶溆靡话銓�(lái)時(shí)，從句中一定要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來(lái)時(shí)。）
考點(diǎn)二：某些表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示將來(lái)。
I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
考點(diǎn)三：“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中and后面的句子謂語(yǔ)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
Use your head and you will find a way.
考點(diǎn)四：“am (is, are) going to + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示打算要做的事或可能要發(fā)生的事。
“am (is, are) about to +動(dòng)詞原形”表示按照預(yù)定計(jì)劃或打算準(zhǔn)備著手進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
“am (is, are) to + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示必須、必然或計(jì)劃將要做的事。
They are to be married in this May.
將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)
表將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或按計(jì)劃一定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。
例句：
I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow.
The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.
將來(lái)完成時(shí)
表在將來(lái)某時(shí)刻之前業(yè)已完成的事情，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)非常明顯。
考點(diǎn)一：常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般用by+將來(lái)的時(shí)間。
如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next
year以及由by the time…, before或when等引導(dǎo)的副詞從句。
By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.
By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.
By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.
考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，將來(lái)完成時(shí)則由現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示。
The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived
back from school.
動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)
一般用于強(qiáng)調(diào)受者， 做題時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不再有名詞或賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)一般不單獨(dú)考，而是和時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起考。
考點(diǎn)一：不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的'動(dòng)詞和詞組
come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur,
belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeed
例句：
It took place before liberation.
考點(diǎn)二：下列動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義, 而且常與well, quite, easily, badly等副詞連用。
lock ( 鎖 ) ; wash ( 洗 ); sell ( 賣(mài) ); read ( 讀 ); wear ( 穿 );
blame (責(zé)備)；ride (乘坐)；write ( 寫(xiě) )；
Glass breaks easily. 玻璃容易破碎。
The car rides smoothly. 這車(chē)走起來(lái)很穩(wěn)。
The case locks easily. 這箱子很好鎖。
The book sells well. 這本書(shū)很暢銷。
考點(diǎn)三：一些常用經(jīng)典被動(dòng)句型：
It is said…, It is reported…, It is widely believed…, It is expected…, It is estimated…,
這些句子一般翻譯為“據(jù)說(shuō)……”，“人們認(rèn)為……”，而 “以前人們認(rèn)為……” 則應(yīng)該說(shuō)：It was believed…, It was thought ...。
動(dòng)詞的四種時(shí)態(tài)3
不及物動(dòng)詞不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
如appear，rise，die，happen，belong to，break out，take place等。
Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.(誤)
Great changes have taken place in my hometown. (正)
我們家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。
表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
如lack，fit，mean，hold，have，cost，contain，become，last，possess，consist of，look like等。
The book costs 10 yuan.這本書(shū)花了10元錢(qián)。
What’s become of her?她怎么了?
主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)的幾種情況
(1)某些感官動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞后加形容詞可以表示被動(dòng)意義，如look，smell，taste，feel，prove，wear，sound等。
The flower smells sweet.花聞起來(lái)很香。
The dish tastes delicious.菜吃起來(lái)非常可口。
(2)在主語(yǔ)是物的句子里，有些動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式可以表示被動(dòng)意義，這些詞后常有副詞修飾。常用的這類動(dòng)詞有
sell，read，write，wear，wash，open，clean，cook，keep，cut，fill，blow，measure，lock，run，record，begin，shut等。
This type of recorder sells well.
這種型號(hào)的錄音機(jī)銷路很好。
H e doesn’t photograph well.他不太上相。
This kind of shirt cleans easily.這種襯衫容易洗干凈。
(3)動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義
通常是事物(也可以是人)作want，need, require，deserve等動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示事物(或人)客觀上“需要……”，用動(dòng)名詞一般式的主動(dòng)形式作賓語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)意義。若動(dòng)名詞是不及物的，后面還應(yīng)有相應(yīng)的介詞。
The children need looking after.孩子們需要照看。
這種用法還可把動(dòng)名詞改為動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式來(lái)表被動(dòng)。
The children need to be looked after.
(4)在作表語(yǔ)的某些形容詞(easy，difficult，light，heavy，fit，good，safe，comfortable，dangerous，pleasant等)后作狀語(yǔ)用的不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。
She is easy to approach.她平易近人。
The rock is hard to break.這塊巖石很難打碎。
不定式符號(hào)to在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不可省略
在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，如果感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞，這個(gè)動(dòng)詞前往往不用to，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中要帶to。
I saw her pass by the window.我看見(jiàn)她從窗邊經(jīng)過(guò)。
She was seen to pass by the window.她被看見(jiàn)從窗邊經(jīng)過(guò)。
get (got)+過(guò)去分詞也可構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
get常同marry，beat，break，damage，tear，strike，hurt，paint，invite，repair，dress等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞連用，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
John and Jane got married last month.
上個(gè)月，約翰和簡(jiǎn)結(jié)婚了。
They got caught in the storm.他們碰上暴風(fēng)雨了。
1. Daniel’s family________their holiday in Huangsh an this time next week.
A.are enjoying B.are to enjoy
C.will enjoy D.will be enjoying
【解析】句意為：丹尼爾一家人下個(gè)星期的這個(gè)時(shí)候肯定正在黃山度假。根據(jù)this time next week判斷，選用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)will be doing。
【答案】 D
2. My parents have promised to come to see me before I________for Africa.
A.have left B.leave
C.left D.will leave
【解析】句意為：我父母已經(jīng)答應(yīng)在我去非洲之前來(lái)看我。不定式to come to see me表示的是將來(lái)動(dòng)作，before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
【答案】 B
3.During the period of recent terrorist activities，people________not to touch any unattended bag.
A.had always been warned
B.were always being warned
C.are always warning
D.always warned
【解析】句意為：在最近恐怖活動(dòng)期間，人們總是在被警告不要碰任何無(wú)人照看的包。be always doing sth.總是做某事，表達(dá)某種抱怨、不滿或贊許的情緒。人們是“被警告”，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
【答案】 B
4.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities________rising steadily since 1997.
A.is B.are
C.has been D.have been
【解析】句意為：在中國(guó)上大學(xué)的外國(guó)留學(xué)生的數(shù)量自1997年以來(lái)穩(wěn)步上升�！皌he number of+n.”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;由since 1997可知句子的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
【答案】 C
5. —Ann is in hospital.
—Oh，really?I________know.I________go and visit her.
A.didn’t;am going to B.don’t;would
C.don’t;will D.didn’t;will
【解析】句意為：——Ann在住院�！�，真的嗎?我還不知道呢。我要去看望她。這里講的I didn’t know指的是在對(duì)方還沒(méi)告知Ann在住院這件事之前，我不知道，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí);第二個(gè)空用will指的是事先未經(jīng)計(jì)劃或安排的“意愿，打算”。
【答案】 D
6. —Hi，Torry，can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?
—Sorry.________.
A.It’s repaired
B.It has been repaired
C.It’s being repaired
D.It had been repaired
【解析】句意為：——嗨，Torry，今天下午我能用一會(huì)兒你的電腦嗎?——真抱歉，電腦正在修理。該句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是此時(shí)電腦正被維修，需用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
【答案】 C
7.—What do you think of the movie?
—It’s fantastic.The only pity is that I________the beginning of it.
A.missed B.had missed
C.miss D.would miss
【解析】句意為：——你覺(jué)得這部電影怎么樣?——太棒了。唯一可惜的是，我錯(cuò)過(guò)了開(kāi)頭部分。錯(cuò)過(guò)開(kāi)頭部分對(duì)于現(xiàn)在而言是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，故選A。
【答案】 A
8. His sister left home in 1998，and________since.
A.had not been heard of
B.has not been heard of
C.had not heard of
D.has not heard of
【解析】句意為：他妹妹在1998年離開(kāi)家，從那以后就沒(méi)了音訊。根據(jù)句意，指的是過(guò)去離開(kāi)以后，到現(xiàn)在一直沒(méi)音訊，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);hear of與his sister在本句中為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以選B。
【答案】 B
9. According to the literary review，Shakespeare________his characters live through their language in his plays.
A.will make B.had made
C.was making D.makes
【解析】句意為：這篇文學(xué)評(píng)論說(shuō)，莎士比亞使他劇中的人物通過(guò)語(yǔ)言鮮活起來(lái)。本句考查時(shí)態(tài)，當(dāng)介紹一種理論時(shí)，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
【答案】 D
10.Excuse me，Marcia，a reporter from Vanity Fair_______ _all day.Could you speak to her now?
A.phones B.has phoned
C.has been pho ning D.phoned
【解析】句意為：打擾了，Marcia，一名Vanity Fair的記者打了一整天的電話。你現(xiàn)在可以接她的電話嗎?根據(jù)句意和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)all day可知，此句需用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話人的一種情感，如：不滿，抱怨，責(zé)備等。注意，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示到目前為止動(dòng)作可能已經(jīng)結(jié)束，側(cè)重對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果。
【答案】 C
11.—Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend?
—Terry?Never!She________tents and fresh air!
A.has hated B.hated
C.will hate D.hates
【解析】結(jié)合題意可知此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示她的習(xí)慣，她討厭帳篷和新鮮的空氣。
【答案】 D
12.—Got your driving license?
—No.I________too busy to have enough practice，so I didn’t take the driving test last week.
A.was B.am
C.have been D.had been
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中so I didn’t take the driving test last week可知說(shuō)話人過(guò)去一直很忙而沒(méi)有進(jìn)行足夠的練習(xí)，以至于沒(méi)有參加上周的駕照考試。發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作“take”之前，因此應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
【答案】 D
13.(2010屆成都玉林中學(xué)月考)He will have learned English for eight years by the time he________from the university next year.
A.will graduate B.will have graduated
C.graduates D.is to graduate
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。by the time引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，而本句的主句是將來(lái)時(shí)，所以從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。
【答案】 C
14.I________in London for many years，but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China.
A.lived B.have lived
C.had lived D.was living
【解析】 “我在倫敦生活了很多年”只是對(duì)過(guò)去的一般敘述，過(guò)去的動(dòng)作并沒(méi)有對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
【答案】 A
15.—What’s your opinion about my suggestion?
—Sorry，I________.Would you please say it again?
A.hadn’t listened B.wouldn’t listen
C.wasn’t listening D.didn’t listen
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。從本題的語(yǔ)境來(lái)看，說(shuō)話人剛才沒(méi)有在聽(tīng)對(duì)方的建議，因此，使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示“聽(tīng)”的動(dòng)作剛才沒(méi)有在發(fā)生。
【答案】 C
16.Although many measures________，the world’s economy is still going down.
A.were taken B.have been taken
C.will be taken D.are taken
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);take與measures之間構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
【答案】 B
17. Since the beginning of the vacation，I__ ____across the country，and my next stop is the Wuyi Mountains.
A.had traveled B.will travel
C.have been traveling D.was traveling
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。該題的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為since+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，結(jié)合后面的“my next stop is the Wuyi Mountains”可以看出這里應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能持續(xù)下去。
【答案】 C
18.Right now the government is trying to control the number of people who________by H1N1 flu.
A.have been affected B.have affected
C.are affected D.affect
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為：政府正在試圖控制感染H1N1流感的人的數(shù)量。人們被感染流感，用sb.be affected by sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，這里說(shuō)的是現(xiàn)在的一般情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
【答案】 C
19.(2010年長(zhǎng)春第一次調(diào)研)—I saw Lucy and her boyfriend in the park at nine yesterday evening.
—Impossible.She________the Internet with me i n my home then.
A.surfed B.had surfed
C.would surf D.was surfing
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容可知，昨天晚上九點(diǎn)時(shí)Lucy正在和我一起上網(wǎng)，因此用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
【答案】 D
20.(2010年上海春招)The employees________that they should renew their contracts within a week.
A.advise B.have advised
C.are advised D.had been advised
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。語(yǔ)意：(公司)建議員工在一周內(nèi)續(xù)簽合同。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意，The employees與advise為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C項(xiàng)。
【答案】 C
21.(2010屆撫順一中第一次同步考試)With the help of high technologh，more and more new substances________in the past years.
A.discovered
B.have discovered
C.had been discovered
D.have been discovered
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。由句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the past years可知，這里應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);句子的主語(yǔ)new substances與discover之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故選D項(xiàng)。
【答案】 D
22.(2010屆成都聯(lián)考)—Look!Everything here is under construction.
—What’s the pretty small house that________for?
A.is being built B.has been built
C.is built D.is building
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。語(yǔ)意表明從句中用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，名詞house是動(dòng)詞build的承受者，所以謂語(yǔ)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。第二句語(yǔ)意為：正在修建的那座漂亮的小房子是用來(lái)做什么的?
【答案】 A
23.(2010屆江西高安中學(xué)月考)—Did you have any trouble finding your way in Shanghai?
—Yes，I tried to find my way to the airport but________.
A.has been lost B.get lost
C.lost D.got lost
【解析】前面的問(wèn)句以及tried暗示時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，因此選got lost。
【答案】 D
24.(2010屆皖南八校聯(lián)考)We’ve been told the good news，but when and where to go for the exciting paid vacation________yet.
A.are not discussed
B.have not been discussed
C.is not being discussed
D.has not been discussed
【解析】后一分句的主語(yǔ)為when and where to go for the exciting paid vacation，表示的是一件事，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，由此排除A、B兩項(xiàng)。根據(jù)句末的yet可知應(yīng)該用完成時(shí)，即這件事還沒(méi)有被討論。
【答案】 D
25.(2010年西安質(zhì)量檢測(cè))We haven’t moved into the new office building—it________right now.
A.is decorating B.has been decorated
C.is being decorated D.has been decorating
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)題干中前面一句話的時(shí)態(tài)及后一句話中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)right now可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);又依據(jù)語(yǔ)意可知，房子正在(被)裝修，因此選C。
【答案】 C
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