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新學(xué)期一起來(lái)學(xué)新概念英語(yǔ)二冊(cè)
一、生詞和短語(yǔ)
1、except prep. 除了
except
except for
besides
apart from
2、complain v. 抱怨
complain to sb. 向某人抱怨
complain of/about：抱怨某事
3、continually adv. 不斷地
continuously：連續(xù)不斷地
continually：頻繁地(時(shí)斷時(shí)續(xù))
4、bitterly adv. 刺骨地
bitterly cold：刺骨地寒冷
chilly：寒冷的
bitterly disappointed：徹底的失望
5、sunshine n. 陽(yáng)光
a drop of sunshine ;一縷陽(yáng)光
6、dream of：想，夢(mèng)見(jiàn)(夢(mèng)想)
think of：想(思維的活動(dòng))
7、settle down：定居
8、so many years：這么多年
After seven years of hard work so many years.
二、課文講解
1、He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there.
他剛一回到英國(guó)便買(mǎi)下了一幢房子住了進(jìn)去。
no sooner……than……表示"一……就……"這個(gè)句型用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。主句里常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，than后面的從句一般用過(guò)去式。
He had no sooner found a good job than he graduated from school.
他一畢業(yè)就找到了一份好工作。
2、Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.
因?yàn)榧词鼓菚r(shí)仍為夏季，但雨總是下個(gè)不停，而且常常冷得厲害。
even though這一結(jié)構(gòu)用來(lái)引出讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
Even though you do not like it, you must do it.
即使你不喜歡這工作，你也得做。
3、He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country.
過(guò)去他常幻想退休后到英國(guó)，并計(jì)劃在鄉(xiāng)間安頓下來(lái)。
dream既可以做動(dòng)詞用，也可以做名詞用。名詞是"夢(mèng), 夢(mèng)想"的意思，動(dòng)詞是"做夢(mèng)"的意思，常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)有：dream about 夢(mèng)見(jiàn), 夢(mèng)想 dream of 夢(mèng)見(jiàn), 渴望 dream up 憑空想出
I had some very strange dreams last night.
昨晚我做了很奇怪的夢(mèng)。
I shouldn't dream of doing such a thing.
我做夢(mèng)也不會(huì)想到做這件事。
I dreamt about flying last night.
昨夜我夢(mèng)見(jiàn)我在飛翔。
They dreamed up a most impossible plan.
他們憑空想出一個(gè)十分荒唐的計(jì)劃。
4、He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.
他的舉動(dòng)就好像他從未在英國(guó)生活過(guò)一樣。
settle做動(dòng)詞的意思是" 解決, 定居, 安頓, 平靜" settle down 安下心來(lái), 定居 settle in 安頓, 適應(yīng)
I must settle down this morning and finish the term paper.
我今天上午必須安下心來(lái)完成學(xué)期論文。
She must settle down to write an article.
她安下心來(lái)寫(xiě)一篇文章。
Later, man began to settle in the places where the food and water were plentiful.
后來(lái)，人們開(kāi)始在有充足的食物和水的地方定居下來(lái)。
5、He acted as if he had never lived in England before.
他的舉動(dòng)就好像他從未在英國(guó)生活過(guò)一樣。
as if常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表示方式的狀語(yǔ)從句。
It seems as if he knows everything.
他似乎是個(gè)萬(wàn)事通。
6、In the end, it was more than he could bear.
最后，他再也忍受不住。
end做名詞時(shí)，意思為"結(jié)束, 末端, 目標(biāo), 另一端, 死亡, 半場(chǎng)"
The battle finally brought the war to an end.
這一仗使這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)終告結(jié)束。
動(dòng)詞用時(shí)"結(jié)束, 終結(jié), 自殺"常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)有：in the end 終于, 最后 end in 以 ... 告終
Peter and Tom finally made up in the end.
彼特和湯姆最后和解了。
His summer vacation will end in the late August.
他的暑假將于八月底結(jié)束。
三、語(yǔ)法 過(guò)去完成時(shí)
1、含義：過(guò)去完成時(shí)(past perfect)：
�、俦硎景l(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的某種影響或結(jié)果
�、谶^(guò)去某動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在將來(lái)可能還要延續(xù)下去。句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去之前(過(guò)去的過(guò)去)，即過(guò)去完成時(shí)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去。
2、結(jié)構(gòu)： 主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞vpp.(done)
�、� 定句：主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞.
②否定句：主語(yǔ)+had+not+過(guò)去分詞.
③一般疑問(wèn)句：Had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞?
肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+had.
否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+had not .
�、芴厥庖蓡�(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞或詞組+一般疑問(wèn)句(Had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞)?
�、荼粍�(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)+had(hadn't)+been+過(guò)去分詞
3、標(biāo)志詞：
( 1 ) by + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。
( 2 ) when + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。
( 3 ) before + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。
( 4 ) after + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。
四、牛刀小試
1.He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone
2. What ____ Jane ____ by the time he was sever?
A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt
4. She _____lived here for ______ years.
A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of
5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
6. She said she __________ the principle already
A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
7. She said her family _______ themselves ______ the army during the war.
A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with
8. By the time he was ten years old, he _________.
A. has completed university B. has completed the university
B. had completed an university D. had completed university
9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.
A. for B. in C. by D. at
10. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.
A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano
C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano.
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