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華為交換機(jī)常用命令

時(shí)間:2023-01-22 15:17:37 H3C認(rèn)證 我要投稿
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華為交換機(jī)常用命令大全

  華為交換機(jī)有什么常用命令,為幫助同學(xué)們更好學(xué)習(xí)華為交換機(jī)知識(shí),yjbys小編為大家分享以下華為交換機(jī)常用配置命令,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助!

  dis vlan 顯示vlan

  name text 指定當(dāng)前vlan的名稱

  undo name 取消

  [h3c] vlan 2

  [h3c-vlan2]name test vlan

  dis users 顯示用戶

  dis startup 顯示啟動(dòng)配置文件的信息

  dis user-interface 顯示用戶界面的相關(guān)信息

  dis web users 顯示web用戶的相關(guān)信息。

  header login 配置登陸驗(yàn)證是顯示信息

  header shell

  undo header

  lock 鎖住當(dāng)前用戶界面

  acl 訪問(wèn)控制列表 acl number inbound/outbound

  [h3c]user-interface vty 0 4

  [h3c-vty0-4] acl 2000 inbound

  shutdown:關(guān)閉vlan接口

  undo shutdown 打開vlan接口

  關(guān)閉vlan1 接口

  [h3c] interface vlan-interface 1

  [h3c-vlan-interface] shutdown

  vlan vlan-id 定義vlan

  undo valn vlan-id

  display ip routing-table

  display ip routing-table protocol static

  display ip routing-table statistics

  display ip routing-table verbose 查看路由表的全部詳細(xì)信息

  interface vlan-interface vlan-id 進(jìn)入valn

  management-vlan vlan-id 定義管理vlan號(hào)

  reset ip routing-table statistics protocol all 清除所有路由協(xié)議的路由信息.

  display garp statistics interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 顯示以太網(wǎng)端口上的garp統(tǒng)計(jì)信息

  display voice vlan status 查看語(yǔ)音vlan狀態(tài)

  [h3c-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] broadcast-suppression 20 允許接受的最大廣播流量為該端口傳輸能力的20%.超出部分丟棄.

  [h3c-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] broadcast-suppression pps 1000 每秒允許接受的最大廣播數(shù)據(jù)包為1000傳輸能力的20%.超出部分丟棄.

  display interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 查看端口信息

  display brief interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 查看端口簡(jiǎn)要配置信息

  display loopback-detection 用來(lái)測(cè)試環(huán)路測(cè)試是否開啟

  display transceiver-information interface GigabitEthernet1/0/50 顯示光口相關(guān)信息

  duplex auto/full/half

  [h3c]interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

  [h3c-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]duplux auto 設(shè)置端口雙工屬性為自協(xié)商

  port link-type access/hybrid/trunk 默認(rèn)為access

  port trunk permit vlan all 將trunk扣加入所有vlan中

  reset counters interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 清楚端口的統(tǒng)計(jì)信息

  speed auto 10/100/1000

  display port-security 查看端口安全配置信息

  am user-bind mac-addr 00e0-fc00-5101 ip-addr 10.153.1.2 interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 端口ip綁定

  display arp 顯示arp

  display am user-bind 顯示端口綁定的配置信息

  display mac-address 顯示交換機(jī)學(xué)習(xí)到的mac地址

  display stp 顯示生成樹狀態(tài)與統(tǒng)計(jì)信息

  [h3c-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]stp instance 0 cost 200 設(shè)置生成樹實(shí)例0上路徑開銷為200

  stp cost 設(shè)置當(dāng)前端口在指定生成樹實(shí)例上路徑開銷。instance-id 為0-16 0表cist 取值范圍1-200000

   display system-guard ip-record 顯示防攻擊記錄信息.

  system-guard enable 啟用系統(tǒng)防攻擊功能

  display icmp statistics icmp流量統(tǒng)計(jì)

  display ip socket

  display ip statistics

  display acl all

  acl number acl-number match-order auto/config

  acl-number (2000-2999 是基本acl 3000-3999是高級(jí)acl為管理員預(yù)留的編號(hào))

  rule deny/permit protocal

  訪問(wèn)控制

  [h3c] acl number 3000

  [h3c-acl-adv-3000]rule permit tcp source 129.9.0.0 0.0.255.255 destination 202.38.160.0 0.0.255.255 destination-port eq 80 (

  定義高級(jí)acl 3000,允許129.0.0/16網(wǎng)段的主機(jī)向202.38.160/24網(wǎng)段主機(jī)訪問(wèn)端口80)

  rule permit source 211.100.255.0 0.255.255.255

  rule deny cos 3 souce 00de-bbef-adse ffff-ffff-fff dest 0011-4301-9912 ffff-ffff-ffff

  (禁止mac地址00de-bbef-adse發(fā)送到mac地址0011-4301-9912且802.1p優(yōu)先級(jí)為3的報(bào)文通過(guò))

  display qos-interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 traffic-limit 查看端口上流量

  端口速率限制

  line-rate inbound/outbound target-rate

  inbound:對(duì)端口接收?qǐng)?bào)文進(jìn)行速率限制

  outbound: 對(duì)端口發(fā)送報(bào)文進(jìn)行速率限制

  target-rate 對(duì)報(bào)文限制速率,單位kbps 千兆口 inbound范圍1-1000000 outbound范圍20-1000000

  undo line-rate取消限速.

  [h3c]interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

  [h3c-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]line-rate outbound 128 限制出去速率為128kbps

  display arp | include 77

  display arp count 計(jì)算arp表的記錄數(shù)

  display ndp 顯示交換機(jī)端口的詳細(xì)配置信息。

  display ntdp device-list verbose 收集設(shè)備詳細(xì)信息

  display lock

  display users

  display cpu

  display memory

  display fan

  display device

  display power

  ----------------------------------------

  交換機(jī)命令

  ~~~~~~~~~~

  [Quidway]dis cur       ;顯示當(dāng)前配置

  [Quidway]display current-configuration       ;顯示當(dāng)前配置

  [Quidway]display interfaces       ;顯示接口信息

  [Quidway]display vlan all       ;顯示路由信息

  [Quidway]display version       ;顯示版本信息

  [Quidway]super password simple ;修改特權(quán)用戶密碼

  [Quidway]sysname ;交換機(jī)命名

  [Quidway]interface ethernet0/1 ;進(jìn)入接口視圖

  [Quidway]int e0/1 ;簡(jiǎn)寫方式

  [Quidway]interface vlan-interface ;進(jìn)入接口視圖

  [Quidway]int vlan ;簡(jiǎn)寫方式,n<6

  [Quidway-Vlan-interfacen]ip address 10.65.1.1 255.255.0.0 ;配置VLAN的IP地址

  [Quidway]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.65.1.2 ;靜態(tài)路由=網(wǎng)關(guān)

  [Quidway]rip ;三層交換支持

  [Quidway]local-user ftp ;建立ftp用戶

  [Quidway]user-interface vty 0 4 ;進(jìn)入虛擬終端

  [S3026-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password ;設(shè)置口令模式

  [S3026-ui-vty0-4]set authentication-mode password simple 222 ;設(shè)置口令

  [S3026-ui-vty0-4]user privilege level 3 ;用戶級(jí)別

  [Quidway]interface ethernet0/1 ;進(jìn)入端口模式

  [Quidway]int e0/1 ;進(jìn)入端口模式

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/1]duplex {half|full|auto} ;配置端口工作狀態(tài)

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/1]speed {10|100|auto} ;配置端口工作速率

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/1]flow-control ;配置端口流控

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/1]mdi {across|auto|normal} ;配置端口平接扭接

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/1]port link-type {trunk|access|hybrid} ;設(shè)置端口工作模式

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/1]port access vlan 3      ;當(dāng)前端口加入到VLAN

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/1]port trunk permit vlan {ID|All}   ;設(shè)trunk允許的VLAN

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/1]port trunk pvid vlan 3      ;設(shè)置trunk端口的PVID

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/1]undo shutdown ;激活端口

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/1]shutdown ;關(guān)閉端口

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/1]quit ;返回

  [Quidway]vlan 3       ;創(chuàng)建VLAN

  [Quidway-vlan3]port ethernet 0/1               ;在VLAN中增加端口

  [Quidway-vlan3]port e0/1       ;簡(jiǎn)寫方式

  [Quidway-vlan3]port ethernet 0/1 to ethernet 0/4      ;在VLAN中增加端口

  [Quidway-vlan3]port e0/1 to e0/4       ;簡(jiǎn)寫方式

  [Quidway]monitor-port  ;指定鏡像端口

  [Quidway]port mirror    ;指定被鏡像端口

  [Quidway]port mirror observing-port ;指定鏡像和被鏡像

  例如:

  [Quidway]port mirror e0/1 to e0/4 observing-port e0/7 ;指定鏡像和被鏡像

  [Quidway]description string      ;指定VLAN描述字符

  [Quidway]description         ;刪除VLAN描述字符

  [Quidway]display vlan [vlan_id] ;查看VLAN設(shè)置

  [Quidway]stp {enable|disable} ;設(shè)置生成樹,默認(rèn)關(guān)閉

  [Quidway]stp priority 4096      ;設(shè)置交換機(jī)的優(yōu)先級(jí)

  [Quidway]stp root {primary|secondary}      ;設(shè)置為根或根的備份

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/1]stp cost 200      ;設(shè)置交換機(jī)端口的花費(fèi)

  [Quidway]link-aggregation e0/1 to e0/4 ingress|both ; 端口的聚合

  [Quidway]undo link-aggregation e0/1|all ; 始端口為通道號(hào)

  [SwitchA-vlanx]isolate-user-vlan enable      ;設(shè)置主vlan

  [SwitchA]isolate-user-vlan secondary      ;設(shè)主vlan包括的子vlan

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port hybrid pvid vlan      ;設(shè)置vlan的pvid

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/2]undo port hybrid pvid      ;刪除vlan的pvid

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port hybrid vlan vlan_id_list untagged  ;設(shè)置無(wú)標(biāo)識(shí)的vlan

  如果數(shù)據(jù)包的vlan id與PVId一致,則去掉vlan信息. 默認(rèn)PVID=1。

  所以設(shè)置PVID為所屬vlan id, 設(shè)置可以互通的vlan為untagged。

  ----------------------------------------

  路由器命令

  ~~~~~~~~~~

  [Quidway]display version       ;顯示版本信息

  [Quidway]display current-configuration       ;顯示當(dāng)前配置

  [Quidway]display interfaces       ;顯示接口信息

  [Quidway]display ip route       ;顯示路由信息

  [Quidway]sysname       ;更改主機(jī)名

  [Quidway]super passwrod       ;設(shè)置口令

  [Quidway]int s0/0       ;進(jìn)入接口

  [Quidway-serial0/0]clock rate 64000      ;設(shè)置同步時(shí)鐘

  [Quidway-serial0/0]ip address      ;配置端口IP地址

  例:

  [Quidway-serial0/0]ip address 10.65.1.1 255.255.0.0      ;或

  [Quidway-serial0/0]ip address 10.65.1.1 16      ;

  [Quidway-serial0/0]undo shutdown      ;激活端口

  [Quidway]link-protocol hdlc       ;綁定hdlc協(xié)議

  [Quidway]user-interface vty 0 4

  [Quidway-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password

  [Quidway-ui-vty0-4]set authentication-mode password simple 222

  [Quidway-ui-vty0-4]user privilege level 3

  [Quidway-ui-vty0-4]quit

  [Quidway]debugging hdlc all serial0       ;顯示所有信息

  [Quidway]debugging hdlc event serial0       ;調(diào)試事件信息

  [Quidway]debugging hdlc packet serial0       ;顯示包的信息

  靜態(tài)路由:

  [Quidway]ip route-static {interface number|nexthop}[value][reject|blackhole]

  例如:

  [Quidway]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 10.0.0.2

  [Quidway]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.0.0.2

  [Quidway]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 Serial 2

  [Quidway]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2

  動(dòng)態(tài)路由:

  [Quidway]rip ;設(shè)置動(dòng)態(tài)路由

  [Quidway]rip work ;設(shè)置工作允許

  [Quidway]rip input ;設(shè)置入口允許

  [Quidway]rip output ;設(shè)置出口允許

  [Quidway-rip]network 10.0.0.0       ;設(shè)置交換路由網(wǎng)絡(luò)

  [Quidway-rip]network all ;設(shè)置與所有網(wǎng)絡(luò)交換

  [Quidway-rip]peer ip-address ;指定交換點(diǎn)

  [Quidway-rip]summary ;路由聚合

  [Quidway]rip version 1 ;設(shè)置工作在版本1

  [Quidway]rip version 2 multicast ;設(shè)版本2,多播方式

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/0]rip split-horizon ;水平分隔

  [Quidway]router id A.B.C.D ;配置路由器的ID

  [Quidway]ospf enable ;啟動(dòng)OSPF協(xié)議

  [Quidway-ospf]import-route direct ;引入直聯(lián)路由

  [Quidway-Serial0/0]ospf enable area ;配置OSPF區(qū)域

  標(biāo)準(zhǔn)訪問(wèn)列表命令格式如下:

  acl number [match-order config|auto] ;默認(rèn)前者順序匹配。

  rule [normal|special]{permit|deny} source

  例:

  [Quidway]acl number 2001

  [Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule normal permit source 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255

  [Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule normal deny source any

  擴(kuò)展訪問(wèn)控制列表配置命令

  配置TCP/UDP協(xié)議的擴(kuò)展訪問(wèn)列表:

  rule {normal|special}{permit|deny}{tcp|udp}source {|any}destination |any}

  [operate]

  配置ICMP協(xié)議的擴(kuò)展訪問(wèn)列表:

  rule {normal|special}{permit|deny}icmp source {|any]destination {|any]

  [icmp-code] [logging]

  擴(kuò)展訪問(wèn)控制列表操作符的含義

  equal portnumber ;等于

  greater-than portnumber ;大于

  less-than portnumber ;小于

  not-equal portnumber ;不等

  range portnumber1 portnumber2 ;區(qū)間

  擴(kuò)展訪問(wèn)控制列表舉例

  [Quidway]acl number 3001

  [Quidway-acl-3001]rule deny souce any destination any

  [Quidway-acl-3001]rule permit icmp source any destination any icmp-type echo

  [Quidway-acl-3001]rule permit icmp source any destination any icmp-type echo-reply

  [Quidway]acl number 3002

  [Quidway-acl-3002]rule permit ip source 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 destination 202.0.0.1 0.0.0.0

  [Quidway-acl-3002]rule deny ip source any destination any

  [Quidway]acl number 103

  [Quidway-acl-103]rule permit tcp source any destination 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 destination-port equal ftp

  [Quidway-acl-103]rule permit tcp source any destination 10.0.0.2 0.0.0.0 destination-port equal www

  [Quidway]firewall enable

  [Quidway]firewall default permit|deny

  [Quidway]int e0/0

  [Quidway-Ethernet0/0]firewall packet-filter 2001 inbound|outbound

  地址轉(zhuǎn)換配置舉例

  [Quidway]firewall enable

  [Quidway]firewall default permit

  [Quidway]acl 2001 ;內(nèi)部指定主機(jī)可以進(jìn)入e0

  [Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule deny ip source any destination any

  [Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.1 0 destination any

  [Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.2 0 destination any

  [Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.3 0 destination any

  [Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.4 0 destination any

  [Quidway-acl-basic-2001]quit

  [Quidway]int e0/0

  [Quidway-Ethernet0]firewall packet-filter 2001 inbound

  [Quidway]acl 3002 ;外部特定主機(jī)和大于1024端口的數(shù)據(jù)包允許進(jìn)入S0

  [Quidway-acl-adv-3002]rule deny ip source any destination any

  [Quidway-acl-adv-3002]rule permit tcp source 202.39.2.3 0 destination 202.38.160.1 0

  [Quidway-acl-adv-3002]rule permit tcp source any destination 202.38.160.1 0 destination-port

  great-than

  1024

  [Quidway-acl-adv-3002]quit

  [Quidway]int s0/0

  [Quidway-Serial0/0]firewall packet-filter 102 inbound

  [Quidway-Serial0/0]nat outbound 3002 interface ;是Easy ip,將acl允許的IP從本接口出時(shí)變換源地址。

  內(nèi)部服務(wù)器地址轉(zhuǎn)換配置命令(靜態(tài)nat):

  nat server global [port] inside port [protocol]

  [Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.1 inside 129.38.1.1 ftp tcp

  [Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.1 inside 129.38.1.2 telnet tcp

  [Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.1 inside 129.38.1.3 www tcp

  設(shè)有公網(wǎng)IP:202.38.160.101~202.38.160.103 ;對(duì)外訪問(wèn)

  [Quidway]nat address-group 202.38.160.101 202.38.160.103 pool1 ;建立地址池

  [Quidway]acl 2001

  [Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule permit source 10.110.10.0 0.0.0.255 ;指定允許的內(nèi)部網(wǎng)絡(luò)

  [Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule deny source any

  [Quidway-acl-basic-2001]int s0/0

  [Quidway-Serial0/0]nat outbound 2001 address-group pool1 ;在s0口從地址池取出IP對(duì)外訪問(wèn)

  [Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.101 inside 10.110.10.1 ftp tcp

  [Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.102 inside 10.110.10.2 www tcp

  [Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.102 8080 inside 10.110.10.3 www tcp

  [Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.103 inside 10.110.10.4 smtp udp

  PPP設(shè)置:

  [Quidway-Serial0/0]link-protocol ppp ;默認(rèn)的協(xié)議

  PPP驗(yàn)證:

  主驗(yàn)方:pap|chap

  [Quidway]local-user q2 password {simple|cipher} hello ;路由器1

  [Quidway]interface s0/0

  [Quidway-serial0/0]ppp authentication-mode {pap|chap}

  [Quidway-serial0/0]ppp chap user q1 ;pap時(shí),沒(méi)有此句

  pap被驗(yàn)方:

  [Quidway]interface s0/0 ;路由器2

  [Quidway-serial0/0]ppp pap local-user q2 password {simple|cipher} hello

  chap被驗(yàn)方:

  [Quidway]interface s0/0 ;路由器2

  [Quidway-serial0/0]ppp chap user q2 ;自己路由器名

  [Quidway-serial0/0]local-user q1 password {simple|cipher} hello ;對(duì)方路由器名

  幀中繼frame-relay (二分冊(cè)6-61)

  [q1]fr switching

  [q1]int s0/1

  [q1-Serial0/1]ip address 192.168.34.51 255.255.255.0

  [q1-Serial0/1]link-protocol fr ;封裝幀中繼協(xié)議

  [q1-Serial0/1]fr interface-type dce

  [q1-Serial0/1]fr dlci 100

  [q1-Serial0/1]fr inarp

  [q1-Serial0/1]fr map ip 192.168.34.52 dlci 100

  [q2]int s0/1

  [q2-Serial0/1]ip address 192.168.34.52 255.255.255.0

  [q2-Serial0/1]link-protocol fr

  [q2-Serial0/1]fr interface-type dte

  [q2-Serial0/1]fr dlci 100

  [q2-Serial0/1]fr inarp

  [q2-Serial0/1]fr map ip 192.168.34.51 dlci 100

  幀中繼監(jiān)測(cè)

  [q1]display fr lmi-info[]interface type number]

  [q1]display fr map

  [q1]display fr pvc-info[serial interface-number][dlci dlci-number]

  [q1]display fr dlci-switch

  [q1]display fr interface

  [q1]reset fr inarp-info

  [q1]debugging fr all[interface type number]

  [q1]debugging fr arp[interface type number]

  [q1]debugging fr event[interface type number]

  [q1]debugging fr lmi[interface type number]

  啟動(dòng)ftp服務(wù):

  [Quidway]local-user ftp password {simple|cipher} aaa service-type ftp

  [Quidway]ftp server enable

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