職稱英語(yǔ)理工a題庫(kù)真題及答案
職稱英語(yǔ)理工a題庫(kù)篇一：2015年職稱英語(yǔ)《理工A》真題及答案(完整文字版)
2015年職稱英語(yǔ)《理工A》真題及答案(完整文字版)
第1頁(yè)：詞匯選項(xiàng)
第2頁(yè)：閱讀判斷
第3頁(yè)：概括大意與完成句子
第4頁(yè)：閱讀理解第一篇
第5頁(yè)：閱讀理解第二篇
第6頁(yè)：閱讀理解第三篇
第7頁(yè)：補(bǔ)全短文
第8頁(yè)：完形填空
第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)
下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。
1.Iodelembodiesthenewresearchdevelopment.
A.listsB.includesC.borrowsD.broadens
3.Thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplainsremainextreme
A.severeB.hardC.warmD.dry
4.Sheisanartistwhoseworkwillundoubtedlywithstandthetestoftime.
A.gradeB.attractC.bearD.suffer
5.Heworeashabbythinovercoatinthecoldwintersothathefellill.
A.oldB.bigC.newD.small
6.Theweatherwassogorgeousthatmanypeoplewentouting.
A.uncontrollableB.pleasantC.cloudyD.unbearable
7.Competitorsmustabidebythejudge'sdecision
A.keepB.readC.understandD.obey
8.Theumbrellawasingeniouslydevisedtofoldupintothepocket.
A.seriouslyB.cleverlyC.attentivelyD.carefully
9.Somenewspapersinthewestarenotablybiased.
A.especiallyB.whollyC.totallyD.fairly
10.Hisanswerswereobscureandconfusing.
A.unclearB.obviousC.clearD.direct
11.Thewayshelookedafterheryoungsisterwasreallytouching
A.disturbingB.connectingC.movingD.waving
12.Weareworriedaboutthisfluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.
A.stableB.suitableC.changeableD.adaptable
13.Theyhavebuiltcanalstoirrigatethedesert.
A.decorateB.changeC.visitD.water
14.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.
A.outstandingB.realC.creativeD.false
15.Thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.
A．clothesB.haircutC.purseD.necklace
二、下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。
TheGreatestofVictorianEngineers
Inthehundredyearsupto1860,theworkofasmallgroupofconstructionengineerscarriedforwardtheenormoussocialandeconomicchangethatweassociatewiththeIndustrialrevolutioninBritain.ThemostimportantoftheseengineerswasIsambardKingdomBrunel,whoseworkinshipping,bridge-building,andrailwayconstruction,tonamejustthreefields,bothchallengedand
motivatedhiscolleagues.Hewasthedrivingforcebehindanumberofthehugelyambitiousprojects,someofwhichresultedinworkswhicharestillinusetoday.Thesonofanengineer,BrunelapprenticedwithhisfatheratanearlyageonthebuildingoftheThamesTunnel.Attheageofjusttwenty,hebecameengineerinchargeoftheproject.ThisimpressiveplantoboreundertheThamestwicesufferedtwomajordisasterswhentheriverbrokethroughintothetunnelwhenthesecondbreach(決口)occurredin1872,Brunelwasseriouslyinjuredduringrescueoperationandfurtherworkwashalted.
Whilerecoveringfromhisinjuries,BrunelenteredadesigncompetitionforanewbridgeovertheAvonGorgenearClifton.TheoriginaljudgeofthecompetitionwasThomasTelford,aleadingcivilengineerofhisday,whorejectedallentriestothecompetitioninfavorofhisowndesign.Afterconsiderablescandal,asecondcontestwasheldandBrunel'sdesignwasaccepted.Forreasonsoffunding,however,exacerbated(加劇)bysocialuestinBristol,theprojectwasabandonedin1843withonlythetowerscompleted.AfterBrunel’sdeath,itwasdecidedtobeginworkonitagain,partlysothatthebridgecouldformafittingmemorialtothegreatengineer.Theentirestructurewasfinallycompletedin1864.
Today,thewell-knownCliftonSuspensionBridgeisasymbolofBristol,justastheOperaHouseisofSydney.Originallyintendedonlyforhorse-drawntraffic,thebridgenowbearsoverfourmillionmotorvehiclesayear.
16、BrunelwasanimportantairplaneengineerinBritainduringtheIndustrialRevolution.
A、RightB、WrongC、Notmentioned(以下同)
17、Brunelwasinvolvedlessinrailwayconstructionthaninotherengineeringfields.
18、Brunelworkedonlyonshipping,bridge-buildingandrailwayconstruction.
19、Brunelworkwaslargelyignoredbyhiscolleagues.
20、SomeprojectsBrunelcontributedtoarestillinusetoday.
21、Brunelbecameanapprenticewithhisfatherwhenhewasveryyoung.
22、TheThamesTunnelprojectwasmoredifficultthananypreviousprojectsundertakeninBritain.
三、下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23—26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇1個(gè)標(biāo)題；(2)第27-30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
Geothermal（地?zé)幔〦nergy
1Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones，theheatfromtheearth'scenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface。Inthisway，ittransferstothenextlayerofrock。Ifthetemperatureishighenough，someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma（巖漿）。Themagmaascendsinitsturntowardstheearth'ssurface。Itoftenremainswellbelowtheearth'ssurface，creatingvastareasofhotrock。Insuchregions，therearedeepcracks，whichallowrainwatertodescendunderground。Someoftheheatedrainwatertravelsbackuptotheearth'ssurfacewhereitwillappearasahotspring。However，ifthisscendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable（不可滲透的）rock，itremainstrapped，formingageothermalreservoir。Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothesurface，theycanbereachedbydrillingwells。Hotwaterandsteamshootupthewellsnaturally，andcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityingeothermalpowerplants。
2。Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-stemreservoirswhichproducesteambutlittleornowater。Inthesecases，thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator。Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant，constructedatLardarelloin.Italy，wasofthistype，andisstillproducingelectricitytoday。
3。Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeither"flash"steamplantsorbinary（雙重的）plants。Flashplantsproducemainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom300°to700°Fahrenheit。Thiswaterispassedthroughoneortwoseparatorswherereleasedfromthepressureoftheundergroundreservoir，it"flashes"orboilsintosteamAgain，
theforceofthissteamprovidestheenergytospintheturbineandproduceelectricity。Thegeothermalwaterandsteamarethenreinjecteddirectlybackdownintotheearthtomaintainthevolumeandpressureofthereservoir。Graduallytheywillbereheatedandcanthenbeusedagain。
4。Areservoirwithtemperaturesbelow300°Fahrenheitisnothotenoughtoflashsteambutitcanstillbeusedtogenerateelectricityinbinaryfluid。Thesteamfromthisisusedtopowertheturbines。Asintheflashsteamplant，thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintothereservoir。
23Paragraph1_________
A、Recyclablewaterandsteam
B、Binaryplants
C、Flashsteamplants
D、Generationofelectricity
E、Originofgeothermalenergy
F、Drysteamplants
24Paragraph2_________25Paragraph3_________
26Paragraph4_________
27Ageothermalreservoirisformedwhenhotwateristrappedunder______.
Ahotsprings
Bimpermeablerock
Clittleornowater
Dturbineoperator
Eoneortwoseparators
Ftheenergytoturnaturbine
28Adry-steamreservoirproducessteamwith______.
29Flashplantsproducehotwaterthrough______.
30Inabinaryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbeconvertedinto______.
四、下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
1SportsStarYaoMing
IfYaoMingisnotthebiggestsportsstarintheworld,healmostcertainlythetallest.At2.26m,heisthetallestplayerintheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)andholdstherecordasthemosttoweringOlympianevertocompeteintheGame.
Butwhatreallystandsoutaboutthegiantcenterishiscelebrity(名氣).Few,ifany,Chineseathletesareaswell-knownasYaoMingaroundtheworld.PeopleacrosstheglobearefascinatedwithYao,notonlyforhisbasketballprowess(接杰出的才能)butalsoforbeingasymbolofinternationalcommerce.WhenYaojoinedtheHoustonRocketsastheNo.1pickinthe2002NBAdrafthewasthefirstinternationalplayerevertobeselectedfirst.HisassetsonthecourtareclearenoughnoNBAplayerofhissizehaseverpossessedhismobility,soheisahandful(難對(duì)付的人）foropponentsoneitherendofthecourt.ButwhatmakesYaoinvaluabletotheRocketsorganizationishisroleasaglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsofpotentialbasketballfansinChina.WhenitwasannouncedinFebruarythatYaowouldmisstherestoftheNBAseasonandpossiblytheOlympicswithastressfracture(骨折）inhisleftfoot,acollectiveshudderspreadacrossChina.Afterconsiderabledebateand
discussion,Yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinanoperationthatplacedseveraltinyscrewsacrossthebone,to
offerhisoverburdenedfootmoresupport.Thesurgerywasasuccess,andthoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecoveryperiodwillleavehimlittletimetopreparewithTeamChina.YaohasvowedtobereadyfortheBeijingOlympics.Yaowrappedupa10-daytriptoChina,whereheunderwentaseriesof
traditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)treatments,hopingtoacceleratehisrecoveryprocess.WesternexpertsaregenerallyskepticalofTCM’sbenefits,althoughnewresearchfromtheUniversityofRochestersuggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayindeedstimulatebonerepair.
“ThereisnoreasontodismissTCM,“YaotoldapressconferenceinBeijing.
“It’sbeenusedinourcountryforthousandsofyears.Idon’tthinkthatit’sshortonscience.”
31、Theword“towering”inParagraph1means
Alarge.Bfat.Ctall.Dgreat.
32OpponentsfinditverydifficulttocontrolYaoMingbecauseofhis
Aassault.Bmobility.Cdefense.Dcelebrity.
33YaoMinghadtoundergoaseriesofTCMtreatmentsbecause
Ahewantedtomakeamorerapidrecovery.
Bhisrightfoothadbeenhurting.
Cthesurgicaloperationhadbeenafailure.
Dhecouldn'taffordallthemedicalexpenses.
34WhichstatementaboutYaoMingisNOTtrue?
AHeisanNBAplayer.
BHefracturedhisleftfoot.
CHemissedtheAthensOlympics.
DHeisaninternationalfigure.
35Ingeneral,theWesternexperts'attitudetowardsTCMis
Aindifferent.
Bpositive.
Cdoubtful.
Dnegative
2DeforestationandDesertification(沙漠化）
TheSahelzoneliesbetweentheSaharadesertandthefertilesavannahs(熱帶大草原）ofnorthernNigeriaandSouthSudan.ThewordsahelcomesfromArabicandmeansmarginalortransitional,andthisisagooddescriptionof
thesesemi-arid(半干旱）lands,whichoccupymuchoftheWesternAfricancountriesofMail,Mauritania,Niger,andChad.
Unfortunately,overthelastcenturytheSaharadeserthassteadilycreptsouthwardseatingintoonceproductiveSahellands.UnitedNationssurveysshowthatover70percentofthedrylandinagricultureuseinAfricahasdeterioratedoverthelast30years.Droughtshavebecomemoresevere,themostrecentlastingovertwentyyearsinpartsoftheSahelregion.
ThesameprocessofdesertificationistakingplaceacrosssouthernAfricaastheKalaharidesertadvancesintoBotswanaandpartsofSouthAfrica.
Oneofthemajorcausesofthisdesertadvanceispooragriculturallanduse,drivenbythepressuresofincreasingpopulation.Overgrazing一keepingtoomanyfarmanimalsonthelandmeansthatgrassesandotherplantscannotrecover,andscarcewatersuppliesareexhausted.Overcultivation一tryingtogrowtoomanycropsonpoorland一resultsinthesoilbecomingevenlessfertileanddrier,andbeginningtobreakup.Soilerosion(侵蝕)follows,andthelandturnsinto
職稱英語(yǔ)理工a題庫(kù)篇三：2016職稱英語(yǔ)理工A全部答案
2016年職稱英語(yǔ)理工類A級(jí)詞匯選項(xiàng)考試真題及答案
第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（第1——15題，每題1分，共15分）
下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或者短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。
1.Therevelationofhispastledtohisresignation.
A.imaginationB.confirmation
C.recallD.disclosure
答案為D.revelation(揭露)–disclosure(揭露)
2.Jensenisadangerousman,andcanbeverybrutal.
A.carelessB.cruel
C.strongD.hard
答案為B.brutal(殘忍的.)–cruel
3.You’llhavetosprintifyouwanttocatchthetrain.
A.jumpB.escape
C.runD.prepare
答案為C.sprint(快速奔跑)–run(奔跑)
4.Weareworriedaboutthisfluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.
A.changeableB.stable
C.suitableD.adaptable
答案為A.fluid(不穩(wěn)定的)–changeable(易變的)
5.Thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.
C.clothesD.necklace
答案為C.garment(衣服)–clothes(衣服)
6.Thephobiamayhaveitsrootinachildhoodtrauma.
A.fearB.joy
C.hurtD.memory
答案為C.trauma(精神上的創(chuàng)傷)–hurt(感情上的傷心或痛苦)
7.Theyhavetobuildcanalstoirrigatethedesert.
A.decorateB.water
C.changeD.visit
答案為B.irrigate(灌溉)–water(給…澆水)
8.Heroveralllanguageproficiencyremainsthatofatoddler.
A.disabledB.pupil
C.teenagerD.baby
答案為D.toddler(學(xué)步的兒童)–baby(嬰兒)
9.Thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplainsremain
extremelycold.
A.warmB.severe
C.hardD.dry
答案為A.mild(溫暖的)–warm(溫暖的)
10.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.
A.realB.outstanding
答案為A.authentic(逼真的)–real(逼真的)
11.Weareawareofthepotentialproblems.
A.globalB.possible
C.ongoingD.central
答案為B.potential(可能的)-possible(可能的)
12.Theideawasquitebrilliant.
A.positiveB.clever
C.keyD.original
答案為B.brilliant(絕妙的)–clever(聰明的)
13.Stockmarketpricetumbledafterrumorofariseininterestrate.
A.regulatedB.increased
C.fellD.maintained
答案為C.tumbled(暴跌)–fell(下降)
14.Thecoursegivesyoubasicinstructionsincarmaintenance.
A.coachingB.idea
C.termD.aspect
答案為A.instructions(指導(dǎo)說(shuō)明)—coaching（教導(dǎo)）
15.Allhouseswithin100metresoftheseasatriskofflooding.
A.indangerB.outofcontrol
C.betweenequalsD.inparticular
答案為Aindangerof（處于危險(xiǎn)中）—atriskof（處于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中）
閱讀判斷
TheGreatestofVictorianEngineers
Inthehundredyearsupto1860,theworkofasmallgroupofconstructionengineerscarriedforwardtheenormoussocialandeconomicchangethatweassociatewiththeIndustrialRevolutioninBritain.ThemostimportantoftheseengineerswasIsambardKingdomBrunel,whoseworkinshipping,bridge-building,andrailwayconstruction,tonamejustthreefields,bothchallengedandmotivatedhis
colleagues.Hewasthedrivingforcebehindanumberofthehugelyambitiousprojects,someofwhichresultedinworkswhicharestillinusetoday.
Thesonofanengineer,BrunelapprenticedwithhisfatheratanearlyageonthebuildingoftheThamesTunnel.Attheageofjusttwenty,hebecameengineerinchargeoftheproject.ThisimpressiveplantoboreundertheThamestwicesufferedtwomajordisasterswhentheriverbrokethroughintothetunnelwhenthesecondbreach(決口)occurredin1872,Brunelwasseriouslyinjuredduringrescueoperationandfurtherworkwashalted.
Whilerecoveringfromhisinjuries,BrunelenteredadesigncompetitionforanewbridgeovertheAvonGorgenearClifton.TheoriginaljudgeofthecompetitionwasThomasTelford,aleadingcivilengineerofhisday,whorejectedallentriestothecompetitioninfavorofhisowndesign.Afterconsiderablescandal,asecondcontestwasheldandBrunel'sdesignwasaccepted.Forreasonsoffunding,however,exacerbated(加劇)bysocialuestinBristol,theprojectwasabandonedin1843withonlythetowerscompleted.AfterBrunel’sdeath,itwasdecidedtobeginworkonitagain,partlysothatthebridgecouldformafittingmemorialtothegreatengineer.Theentirestructurewasfinallycompletedin1864.Today,thewell-knownCliftonSuspensionBridgeisasymbolofBristol,justastheOperaHouseisofSydney.Originallyintendedonlyforhorse-drawntraffic,thebridgenowbearsoverfourmillionmotorvehiclesayear.
16.【題干】BrunelwasanimportantairplaneengineerinBritainduringtheIndustrialRevolution.
【選項(xiàng)】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】C
【解析】
17.【題干】Brunelwasinvolvedlessinrailwayconstructionthaninotherengineeringfields.
【選項(xiàng)】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】C
【解析】
18.【題干】Brunelworkedonlyonshipping,bridge-buildingandrailwayconstruction.
【選項(xiàng)】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】B
【解析】
19.【題干】Brunelworkwaslargelyignoredbyhiscolleagues.
【選項(xiàng)】
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