如何讓高考英語(yǔ)作文“短話長(zhǎng)說(shuō)”

      要在高考英語(yǔ)作文中得到高分，考生除讓自己的文章有“亮點(diǎn)”（即使用復(fù)雜多樣的句式結(jié)構(gòu)、使用較高級(jí)詞匯、使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞）。還要注意在詞數(shù)上符合規(guī)定的要求，而實(shí)際上由于寫作的題材多樣性，有的作文題目所提供的信息只有字?jǐn)?shù)很少的一個(gè)綱。所以有很多同學(xué)寫作時(shí)感到無(wú)話可說(shuō)，寫出的作文達(dá)不到要求的詞數(shù)，導(dǎo)致作文得分很低。本文就從這一問(wèn)題著手談?wù)勛層⒄Z(yǔ)作文“短話長(zhǎng)說(shuō)”的方法：
        一、利用作文模版 
        各種題材的作文模版資料書上都有，這里僅以對(duì)“比觀點(diǎn)題型”模版為例：
        要求論述兩個(gè)對(duì)立的觀點(diǎn)并給出自己的看法。
        1）有一些人認(rèn)為…… 
        2）另一些人認(rèn)為……  
        3）我的看法……
        The topic of ①_____（主題）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②_____（支持A的理由一）What is more, ③_____（理由二）. Moreover, ④ _____(理由三).
        While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly, _____ (支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥ _____（理由二）.Thirdly (finally),⑦_(dá)____ (理由三).
        From my point of view, I think ⑧_____（我的觀點(diǎn)）. The reason is that ⑨_____ (原因).As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .
        這樣，經(jīng)常利用作文模版訓(xùn)練寫作，能讓不會(huì)寫作的同學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)布局謀篇，而且也能達(dá)到作文詞數(shù)的要求。需要同學(xué)們?cè)趯?shí)際寫作中經(jīng)常加以模仿訓(xùn)練，才能收到實(shí)效。
        二、用附加成分作解釋說(shuō)明
        方法就是通過(guò)添加與所給信息有關(guān)的前因后果及條件時(shí)間和目的等內(nèi)容來(lái)增加詞數(shù)。
        例1：這樣更方便照顧父母。
        拓展原因 ：因?yàn)楦改冈絹?lái)越年邁。 
        It will be much more convenient to look after your parents，as （because）they are getting older and older. 
        例2：因廣告過(guò)多，影片放映晚點(diǎn)。
        拓展后果 ：這導(dǎo)致觀眾不耐煩甚至惱火。
        There were so many advertisements that they delayed the time of showing the film, which made audience impatient and some of them even annoyed.（或者用making audience impatient and some of them even annoyed）
        例3：安全出口（exit）標(biāo)志不明，存在安全隱患(potential hazard）。 
        拓展條件 ：萬(wàn)一遇到危險(xiǎn)， 觀眾難以逃脫。
        The exit is not clear, so there will be potential hazard.In case of danger, it is difficult for the audience to escape.
        例4：電視廣告破壞了故事的完整性。
        拓展結(jié)果：從而使觀眾厭煩且沒有耐心。
        The whole story are spoiled with repeated advertisements inserted ,making audience bored and impatient .
        三、添加諺語(yǔ)(Proverb)
        例1：鍛煉對(duì)學(xué)生有好處。
        It is good for us students to take exercise.
        短話長(zhǎng)說(shuō):As the saying goes, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”It is good for us students to take exercise.
        例2：集中注意力于學(xué)習(xí)。 
        We should focus our mind on our studies.
        短話長(zhǎng)說(shuō):As the saying goes, “No pains, no gains.”We should focus our mind on our studies...
        例3：多吃健康食品，遠(yuǎn)離垃圾食品。
        They should also eat a more balanced diet such as fruits and vegetables, and less fast food and junk food. 
        短話長(zhǎng)說(shuō):As the saying goes, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” They should also eat a more balanced diet such as fruits and vegetables, and less fast food and junk food. 
        四、舉例說(shuō)明
        例1：青少年應(yīng)盡我們所能保護(hù)環(huán)境拯救地球。
        We teenagers should do what we can to protect the environment and save the earth. For example, we can use recyclable bags instead of plastic bags, refuse to use single-use products, plant more trees and save water and energy.      例2：人口密集地區(qū)遭受許多自然災(zāi)害。
        Many populated areas suffer from many natural disasters such as flood, hurricanes, droughts or other disasters.
        五、善于運(yùn)用短語(yǔ)詞組
        寫作時(shí)，尤其是在考試時(shí)，如果使用短語(yǔ)，有兩個(gè)好處：其一、用短語(yǔ)會(huì)使文章增加亮點(diǎn)，如果老師們看到你的文章太簡(jiǎn)單，看不到一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，必然會(huì)看你低一等。相反，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)精彩的短語(yǔ)，那么你的文章定會(huì)得高分了。其二、關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻思維短路，只有湊字?jǐn)?shù)，怎么辦？用短語(yǔ)就是一個(gè)辦法！短語(yǔ)用得好，還會(huì)給評(píng)卷員留下深刻印象。比如：
        例1：I cannot bear it. (普通)
        可以用短語(yǔ)表達(dá)：I cannot put up with it. (高級(jí))
        例2：I want it. (普通)
        可以用短語(yǔ)表達(dá)：I am looking forward to it. (高級(jí))
        例3：I agree with what you said.(普通) 
        I am in favor of what you said.(高級(jí)) 
        I approve of what you said.(高級(jí))
        六、適當(dāng)發(fā)揮想象，補(bǔ)充細(xì)節(jié)，寫出優(yōu)美的句子
        比較下面幾個(gè)句子：
        我們村周圍曾是一片樹林。
        There used to be a forest around our village. (普通)
        Our village used to be surrounded by green trees. (普通)
        Our village used to be a beautiful place surrounded by green trees,making it the best home for the birds and animals. (高級(jí))
        七、結(jié)尾提出倡議、號(hào)召或具體措施
        例1：珍惜每一滴水。
        To protect our valuable water resources, we should call on people to cherish every drop of water. Otherwise, maybe the last drops of water will be our tears.
        As middle school students, we also have a part to play. Do remember: we are not saving water , we are saving our own life. With everyone doing his bit, we can make a difference. （提出倡議、號(hào)召）
        例2：呼吁相關(guān)部門就電視廣告插播太多現(xiàn)象給予解決。
        For the sake of the audience ,we hope that relevant departments can take effective measures to limit the number and time of advertisements being broadcast;Meanwhile,Tv stations shouldn’t think of nothing but making money.Instead ，they must allow for audience’s interests . （提出具體措施）
        這樣字?jǐn)?shù)明顯增加，表達(dá)也更準(zhǔn)確和具體了。
        書面表達(dá)能力的提高取決于同學(xué)們平時(shí)的積累和訓(xùn)練�？忌�平時(shí)一定要注重掌握好英語(yǔ)常用詞匯和詞組句型，同時(shí)在寫作技巧上多花些功夫，多背誦經(jīng)典范文和其他同學(xué)的優(yōu)秀習(xí)作，加上自己有效扎實(shí)的訓(xùn)練，英語(yǔ)作文水平就會(huì)不斷提高，寫作起來(lái)就會(huì)有話可說(shuō)，短話長(zhǎng)說(shuō)，寫出達(dá)到要求詞數(shù)的好作文。

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