遺世香墨紅櫻魂碾斷浮生華年夢—從李煜的生活看其詞的藝術

摘 要

南唐后主李煜素以詞才見長。從南唐至今，其述說著自己內(nèi)心世界的具有脫俗、真摯、素雅、直白、還鄉(xiāng)等特色的詞可謂是1直為人所青睞。生于金陵長于金陵的李煜，是金陵文化的最佳接收者。他在這片地屬吳越文化的南方小國渡過了自己的大部分人生：出生、新婚、即位直至南唐亡國，無論歡喜或是憂愁他們都共同渡過。也因此，在困居汴梁的兩年時光里他也從未停止過對故鄉(xiāng)的思念之情。這正如海德格爾所說“詩人的天職是還鄉(xiāng)，還鄉(xiāng)使故土成為親近本源之處�！盵1]所以，在其后期的詞作中無不體現(xiàn)這種對本源的尋求。本文試從李煜的生活看其詞的藝術特色，我將其歸為4點：(1)李煜的人生歷程與其詞抒情藝術的轉(zhuǎn)變。(2)永遠的經(jīng)典——李煜后期詞中對“人生”與“命運”的尋根問底。(3)融情于景、清麗雋永的白描藝術手法。(4)彼岸花——夢與現(xiàn)實之2元生命體驗。
關鍵詞：李煜；生活；藝術特色

ABSTRACT

The emperor of the Southern Tang Dynasty Li Yu was famous for his ci poem. From the Southern Tang Dynasty until now, his poems, reflecting his own innermost feelings with purity、affection、free from vulgarity、straightness and something about hometown, have always been liked by Chinese people. Li Yu who was born and bought up in the same place of Jinling was the best receiver of Jinling culture . He spent most part of his time in the southern small country with the Wu and Yue kingdoms culture: the birth、marriage、taking a crown until Southern Tang dynasty perishing, he experienced both enjoyments and sorrows. Therefore, he also never stopped thinking of his hometown in the two years when he lived in BianLiang. This is just like what Heidegger said: “The inherent responsibility for a poet is returning home, which causes the motherland to become the source of intimacy. ”so, during his later period his poems always showed the spirits of seeking the source. This article tries to explore the artistic features from his life, I classified it into four aspects: (1)The changes of Li Yu’s life career and the lyrical art style of his poems.(2)Eternal classics-The inner question for “l(fā)ife” and “destiny” in the poems of his later life.(3) Simple outline describing art by pouring emotions into the plot. (4) flowers on the other shore - dual life experience of dream and reality.
Key words: Li Yu; Life; Artistic feature

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