移就的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)與翻譯

畢業(yè)論文

Abstract

Transferred epithet which is a kind of figure of speech, is unique and frequently used both in English and in Chinese. It is a very important rhetorical device and is widely used in our daily life and literary works. Transferred epithet makes language colorful and enriches the functions of language. It’s necessary to have a thorough understanding of the rhetorical device. This thesis probes into the definition, mainly the logical structure and translation of transferred epithet. Transferred epithet is a figure of speech where an epithet is transferred from the noun that it should rightly modify to another to which it does not really apply or belong. According to Chomsky’s theory of the surface structure and deep structure, the logical structure of transferred epithet can be divided into three main types, i.e., parallel relation, cause-effect relation, and the modifier modifying the modified relation. And the thesis states the strategy of translation of transferred epithet according to its logical structure and its degree of the deviation from the norm of language. The strategy of translation consists of five levels: (1) complete literal translation to retain the figure of speech; (2) basically literal translation, with some adjustment; (3) both literal and free translation; (4) free translation only; (5) free translation into another expression of transferred epithet.

Key Words:  transferred epithet；logical structure；translation
 

摘  要

“移就”即轉(zhuǎn)移修飾是英漢語(yǔ)中很常見(jiàn)且具有特色1種修辭格。移就作為1種10分重要的修辭手法,在日常生活及文學(xué)作品中的使用大大豐富了語(yǔ)言色彩，擴(kuò)大了語(yǔ)言功能。其形式多樣,內(nèi)涵豐富，有必要對(duì)移就作1個(gè)全面了解。本文對(duì)移就的定義，邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)及其翻譯技巧進(jìn)行了深入地分析。移就是甲乙兩項(xiàng)相關(guān)聯(lián)，把屬于形容甲事物的修飾語(yǔ)移屬于乙事物，通常是把形容人的修飾語(yǔ)移用于物。根據(jù)美國(guó)當(dāng)代語(yǔ)言學(xué)家喬姆斯基的轉(zhuǎn)換生成語(yǔ)法中的表層結(jié)構(gòu)和深層結(jié)構(gòu)理論，移就的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)可分為主要的3大類(lèi)，即：平等關(guān)系（或并列關(guān)系）；因果關(guān)系和修飾關(guān)系。并以移就的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)及它的超常規(guī)性，闡述了移就的翻譯技巧，可分為7個(gè)層次：（1）完全直譯，保留移就格；（2）基本直譯，略加調(diào)整；（3）既可直譯，也可意譯；（4）只可意譯，舍棄移就格；（5）意譯另1移就表達(dá)方式。

關(guān)鍵詞：移就；邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)；翻譯

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