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淺談中學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的用法

時(shí)間:2023-03-18 21:28:27 教育畢業(yè)論文 我要投稿
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淺談中學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的用法

淺談中學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的用法 1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法
1)表示經(jīng)常性,習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作;表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài),特征 和真理。句中常用often, usually, every day等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),例如:
He goes to school every day. (經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作)
He is very happy.(現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài))
The earth moves around the sun. (真理)
2)在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái),例如:

If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.

When I graduate, I’ll go to the countryside.

Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.

3)有時(shí)這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃,規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。(句中都帶有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)詞)但僅限于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞,如:begin come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等,例如:

The meeting begins at seven.

The train starts at nine in the morning.

4)表示狀態(tài)和感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞。如be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound等常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如:

I like English very much.

The story sounds interesting.

5)書(shū)報(bào)的標(biāo)題,小說(shuō)等情節(jié)介紹常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法

1)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的事,存在的狀態(tài)或過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

He saw Mr.Wang yesterday.

He worked in a factory in 1986.

2)表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可用“used to”和“would 動(dòng)詞原形”。例如:

I used to smoke.

During the vacation I would swim in the sea.

注意:used to表示過(guò)去常發(fā)生而現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或 存在的狀態(tài)。另外“be used to 名詞(動(dòng)名詞)”表示 “習(xí)慣于…… ”。例如:

I am used to the climate here.

He is used to swimming in winter.

3. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法

一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),其表達(dá)形式除了“will或shall 動(dòng)詞原形”外,還有以下幾種形式。

1)“to be going to 動(dòng)詞原形”, 表示即將發(fā)生的或最近打算進(jìn)行的事。例如:

It is going to rain.

We are going to have a meeting today.

2)go, come, start, move, sail, leave等可用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如:

I’m leaving for Beijing.

3)be to 動(dòng)詞原形”表示按計(jì)劃要發(fā)生的事或征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)。例如:

Are we to go on with this work?

The boy is to go to school tomorrow.

4)“be about to 動(dòng)詞原形”表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如:

We are about to leave.

4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,由“to be 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。例如:

What are you doing?

2)表示感覺(jué),愿望和狀態(tài)的某些動(dòng)詞,如have, be, hear, see, like等詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)。

5. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

1)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻,某一階段正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,由“was (were) 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。例如:

In 1980 he was studying in a university.

He was reading a novel when I came in.

6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由“have 過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。其使用有兩種情況:

1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話(huà)之前已完成,而對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。句中沒(méi)有明顯時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例如:

He has gone to Fuyang . (說(shuō)話(huà)人認(rèn)為他不在該地)

He has been to Fuyang. (說(shuō)話(huà)人認(rèn)為他在該地)

)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去。常用for和since表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)或so far, now, today, this week (month, year)等表示包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的狀語(yǔ)。例如:

He has studied English for 5 years.

He has studied English since 1985.

Now I have finished the work.

注意:表示短暫時(shí)間動(dòng)作的詞,如:come, go, die, marry, buy等的完成時(shí)不能與for, since等表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用。

3)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可用在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,表示將來(lái)某時(shí)完成的動(dòng)作。例如:

I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.

If it has stopped snowing in the morning, we will go to the park.

7. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法

)過(guò)去完成時(shí)由“had 過(guò)去分詞” 構(gòu)成,過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作狀態(tài)。句中常用by, before, until, when等詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例如:

淺談中學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的用法

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