周初的法制思想及對(duì)后世的影響

摘  要

西周是中國(guó)奴隸制法制的鼎盛時(shí)期。在西周政權(quán)存續(xù)的5個(gè)多世紀(jì)里，中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的統(tǒng)治方式、治國(guó)策略以及1些基本的政治制度已經(jīng)初步形成，作為傳統(tǒng)文化基石的哲學(xué)思想、倫理道德觀念等思想文化因素都在此時(shí)發(fā)端。從法律上看，西周法制的形式和內(nèi)容都達(dá)到了奴隸制法制的頂峰。這1時(shí)期形成的“以德配天”、“明德慎罰”的法制指導(dǎo)思想、老幼犯罪減免刑罰、區(qū)分故意和過(guò)失等法律原則，以及“刑罰世輕世重”的刑事政策，都是具有當(dāng)時(shí)世界最高水平的法律制度，對(duì)中國(guó)后世的法制也產(chǎn)生了重要的影響。

關(guān)鍵詞： 敬天保民  明德慎罰  親親  尊尊

Abstract

West Zhou dynasty is the thriving period of Chinese slavery legal system. During the existence of more than 5 centuries of the West Zhou regime, Chinese tradional ruling ways, country-administering strategy and some basic political system have preliminarily come into being. As the foundation of traditional culture, thinking and cultuer factors like philosophical thingkings and concepts of ethics all have began from this incaption. From a legal point of view, the form and content of West Zhou’s legal system rise to a height of slavery legal system. The legal guiding ideologies as “make ethics fit gods”, “clarify ethics and be cautious of  punishments”, legal princeples as deductions of punishment of the old and the young, and distinction between intentional offence and negiligence offence, and criminal policy of “shi qing shi zhong” that formd in that period are all legal system of highest level worldwide that time, and exert a significant influence on Chinese legal system in later ages.

Key words: worship gods and guanrantee subjects
 clarify ethics and be cautious of punishment   qin qin    zun zun
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